虚拟轨道车辆作为一种新制式的城市轨道交通体系，运行条件下的虚拟轨道车辆服役状态评估显得尤为重要。本文首先基于有限元仿真和空簧联通前后状态的线路测试获取车体薄弱位置及加速度响应；然后，通过车辆悬挂系统的加速度传递特性构建车体加速度等效传递系数，开展加速度-应变损伤评估方法研究；最后，结合断裂力学失效评估准则对薄弱位置进行结构完整性评定。通过将服役加速度和应变损伤作为输入，评估了空簧联通状态对虚拟轨道车辆车体的服役安全性。结果表明，车体结构薄弱位置主要分布在车体二位端纵梁焊接位置。车辆启动、制动工况对整体结构损伤影响较大，占整体站间纵向损伤的50%左右；过桥工况对垂向损伤影响较大，占整体站间纵向损伤的60%左右，空簧导通增强了车体结构平稳性，车辆服役环境载荷满足寿命要求，运行平稳性和舒适性良好。研究方法可为虚拟轨道车辆的设计及服役安全性评估提供指导。
Abstract
The service state assessment of virtual rail vehicles under operating conditions is particularly important as a new type of urban rail transportation system. Firstly, this study obtains the weak position and acceleration response of the vehicle body based on the finite element simulation and the line test before and after the air-spring connection state. Then, the acceleration equivalent transfer coefficient of the vehicle body is constructed through the acceleration transfer characteristic of the vehicle suspension system to carry out the research on the acceleration-strain damage assessment method. The service safety of the virtual railcar body in the air-spring coupling state is evaluated by taking the service acceleration and strain damage as inputs. The results show that the structural weaknesses of the vehicle body are mainly distributed in the welded positions of the longitudinal beams at the two ends of the vehicle body. When the vehicle starts and brakes, the overall structural damage is more influential, accounting for about 50% of the overall longitudinal damage between stations. The bridge crossing condition has a greater impact on the vertical damage, accounting for about 60% of the overall longitudinal damage between stations. The air spring conduction enhances the smoothness of the vehicle body structure, and the vehicle service environment load meets the life requirements, and the smoothness and comfort of the operation is good. The research method can provide guidance for the design and service safety assessment of virtual rail vehicles.
关键词
虚拟轨道车辆 /
车体结构 /
加速度特性 /
疲劳损伤 /
服役安全性
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Key words
Virtual rail vehicle /
Body structure /
Acceleration characteristics /
Fatigue damage /
Service safety
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