受外界环境的影响，同一个钢筋混凝土（RC）柱中不同部位钢筋锈蚀率往往不一致，在弯曲受拉侧和受压侧的纵向钢筋锈蚀对RC柱压弯性能的影响机理也不同。为研究纵向钢筋锈蚀对RC柱抗震性能的影响规律，进行了1个未锈蚀RC柱和5个锈蚀RC柱的拟静力加载试验，分析了钢筋锈蚀率、锈蚀位置和轴压比等参数对RC柱抗震性能的影响。研究结果表明，单侧锈蚀RC柱的损伤分布和力学性能存在一定的不对称性。当轴压比为0.1时，锈蚀侧纵筋受拉断裂是导致RC柱力学性能退化的主要原因。当轴压比较大时，锈蚀侧混凝土的受压损伤和锈蚀纵筋受压屈曲是引起RC柱力学性能退化的主要原因。与未锈蚀RC柱相比，纵筋锈蚀率不超过15%的单侧纵筋锈蚀RC柱正向承载力降幅不超过10%，反向承载力降幅不超过5%，在极限状态时的累积耗能降幅约6.48%~15.21%。与承载力和耗能能力相比，钢筋锈蚀对RC柱变形能力的影响最显著。随着钢筋锈蚀率的增大，RC柱的弯曲变形占比减小，剪切变形和滑移变形占比增大。当受拉侧钢筋因锈蚀而提前断裂时，RC柱正向极限变形降低约30%~37%，反向极限变形降低约10%~17%。进行锈蚀RC柱抗震性能评估时，需合理考虑受拉和受压纵筋锈蚀的不均匀性。

Due to the influence of external environment, the steel corrosion ratio in the reinforced concrete (RC) column is often inconsistent, and the influence mechanism of tensile and compressive longitudinal reinforcement corrosion on the compressive-flexural performance of RC columns is also different. Quasi-static loading tests were carried out on 1 uncorroded RC column and 5 corroded RC columns to investigate the effect of longitudinal reinforcement corrosion on the seismic performance of RC columns. The effect of corrosion ratio of steel reinforcement, corrosion location and axial compression ratio on the seismic behavior of RC columns were analyzed. The results show that the damage distribution and mechanical properties of RC columns with corroded longitudinal reinforcements in single side are asymmetrical. For the RC column with axial compressive ratio of 0.1, the fracture of corroded tensile longitudinal reinforcement is the main reason for the mechanical degradation of the column, while for RC columns with large axial compressive ratio, the compressive damage of corrosive concrete and the buckling of corroded compressive longitudinal reinforcement are the main causes of mechanical performance deterioration of the column. Compared with the uncorroded RC column, the positive loading capacity of the columns corroded with corrosion ratio of longitudinal reinforcement in single side not exceeding 15% decreased by less than 10%, the reverse loading capacity decreased by less than 5%, and the cumulative energy consumption at ultimate limit state decreased by about 6.48% to 15.21%. In comparing with the load-carrying capacity and energy dissipation capacity, the deformation capacity of RC columns is effected by the reinforcement corrosion the most significantly. With the increase of steel corrosion ratio, the proportion of bending deformation of RC columns decreases, and the proportion of shear deformation and slip deformation increases. For the column with tensile longitudinal reinforcement premature fracture due to corrosion, the positive limit deformation decreased by about 30% to 37%, while the reverse limit deformation is reduced by about 10%~17%. The seismic evaluation of corroded RC columns should properly consider the non-uniformity corrosion of tensile and compressive longitudinal reinforcement in the column.