爆破地震波中P波及S波初至自动识别方法

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振动与冲击 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5) : 253-262.

冲击与爆炸

爆破地震波中P波及S波初至自动识别方法

孔凌浩1,2，严鹏*1,2，刘晓1,2，周朝1,2，张翔宇1,2，卢文波1,2

作者信息 +

Automatic identification method for P-wave and S-wave first arrival in blasting seismic waves

KONG Linghao1,2, YAN Peng*1,2, LIU Xiao1,2, ZHOU Chao1,2, ZHANG Xiangyu1,2, LU Wenbo1,2

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文章历史 +

摘要

快速、准确识别爆破地震波中不同波形成分的初至时刻，对于能量特性及频率特性的分析、波速计算、爆破振动效应的精确控制及岩体动力学参数的反演至关重要。本文通过分析爆破地震波的传播规律和能量、频率特性，改进现有的P波初至识别方法—STA/LTA算法和S波初至识别方法—特征函数法，提出了爆破地震波初至时刻自动识别新方法，并开展爆破试验进行了验证。结果表明：与人工识别P波到时结果相比，本文识别方法P波初至时刻识别最大误差为0.3ms，平均误差为0.1ms；S波初至时刻识别特征函数峰值更为明显，能提高自动识别效率。该识别方法误差较低，能有效识别爆破地震波P、S波初至时。

Abstract

Identification of the first arrivals of different waveform components in blasting seismic waves rapidly and correctly is crucial for the analysis of energy and frequency characteristics, wave velocity calculation, precise and control of blasting vibration effects and inversion of rock dynamics parameters. In this paper, by analysing the propagation law and energy and frequency characteristics of blasting seismic waves, improving the existing P-wave first arrivals identification method - STA/LTA algorithm and S-wave first arrivals identification method - eigenfunction method, a new method of automatic identification of first arrivals moments of blasting seismic waves is proposed and verified by carrying out blasting tests. The results show that: compared with the manual identification of P-wave arrival results, the maximum error of P-wave first-to-moment identification in this paper is 0.3ms, and the average error is 0.1ms; the peak value of S-wave first-to-moment identification eigenfunction is more obvious, which can improve the automatic identification efficiency. The recognition method has lower error, can effectively identify the blasting seismic wave P-wave and S-wave first-arrive-moment.

导出引用

孔凌浩1, 2, 严鹏1, 2, 刘晓1, 2, 周朝1, 2, 张翔宇1, 2, 卢文波1, 2. 爆破地震波中P波及S波初至自动识别方法[J]. 振动与冲击, 2025, 44(5): 253-262

KONG Linghao1, 2, YAN Peng1, 2, LIU Xiao1, 2, ZHOU Chao1, 2, ZHANG Xiangyu1, 2, LU Wenbo1, 2. Automatic identification method for P-wave and S-wave first arrival in blasting seismic waves[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2025, 44(5): 253-262

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