为探究带壳装药在混凝土中的爆炸毁伤规律，采用钻爆法开展了不同装药深度及壳体厚度下的浅埋和深埋带壳装药爆炸试验及数值模拟，并对浅埋爆炸抛掷弹坑宏观形貌变化特征以及深埋封闭爆炸混凝土塑性损伤演化规律进行分析。结果表明：在带壳装药浅埋爆炸工况下，随着装药深度的增加，作用于破坏混凝土的能量增多，弹坑宏观尺寸增大；根据弹坑宏观形貌将成坑区域划分为漏斗坑区域、扩张孔区域和弹头作用区域；不同装药深度下壳体厚度对混凝土成坑尺寸的影响规律基本一致，当壳体厚度与装药直径之比/de在0.075~0.125范围内时毁伤效果随壳厚增加而增强，当/de在0.125~0.15时毁伤效果呈现最佳且趋于稳定，继续增加壳体厚度则毁伤效果减弱，阐明了壳体的存在一方面使爆轰产物产生集聚效应增强了毁伤效果，另一方面壳体厚度继续增加会消耗爆轰能量使得毁伤效果反而减弱，因此带壳装药爆炸存在某一壳体厚度使毁伤效果最佳。
Abstract
In order to explore the law of explosive damage of shell charges in concrete, the drill and blast method is used to carry out explosion tests and numerical simulation of shallow and deep shell charges under different charge depths and shell thickens. The macro morphology changes of shallow explosive projectile crater and the plastic damage evolution law of deep buried closed explosive concrete are analyzed. The results show that under shallow-buried explosive condition with shell charge, the energy acting on concrete destruction increases with the increase of charge depth, and the macro size of crater increases. According to the macroscopic morphology of the crater, the crater forming area can be divided into funnel crater area, expanding hole area and warhead action area. The influence of shell thickness on concrete pitting size is basically the same under different charging depths. When the ratio of shell thickness to charge diameter δ/de is with in 0.075~0.125, the damage effect increases with the increase of shell thickness, and the damage effect is the best and tends to be stable at 0.125~0.15, and the damage effect decreases when the shell thickness continues to increase. On the one hand, the existence of shell can produce agglomeration effect of detonation products and enhance the damage effect, on the other hand, the thickness of shell will consume the detonation energy and weaken the damage effect, so there is a certain shell thickness to make the damage effect best.
关键词
钻孔爆炸 /
带壳装药 /
有限元分析 /
毁伤特征
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Key words
borehole explosion /
charge with shell /
finite element analysis /
damage characteristics
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