以典型钢轨波磨病害为研究对象，构建了考虑轨下结构及轮轨弹塑性接触的三维轮轨瞬态滚动接触有限元模型，采用基于有限元模型的三维磨损分布计算方法，研究了匀速和牵引状态下轮轨接触特性及钢轨磨损行为的差异，以及牵引状态下不同病害参数钢轨波磨对轮轨接触特性及磨损的影响规律。结果表明：牵引状态下轮轨纵向力受固有刚度不平顺影响更显著，波磨对相对滑移的影响与纵向力有关，且需在固有刚度不平顺影响基础上叠加，叠加效果与波磨波长和谷深有关。在波磨谷深限值内，波磨波长较短或谷深较大时，纵向力会出现与波磨几何相似的振型，导致相对滑移分布与波磨几何相关，接触压力变化进一步影响磨损深度，使波峰附近磨损增加，波谷附近磨损减少，波磨进一步发展。由于磨损增量相位与波磨几何相位差较小，钢轨波磨有减缓趋势，波磨在较大波长及谷深下减缓较快。研究结论以期为高速轮轨波磨区段钢轨维护策略提供理论参考。

Taking the typical rail corrugation disease as the research object, a three-dimensional wheel-rail transient rolling contact finite element model considering the under-rail structure and wheel-rail elastic-plastic contact was constructed. The three-dimensional wear distribution calculation method based on the finite element model was used to study the wheel-rail contact characteristics and rail wear behavior under uniform speed and traction. The difference, as well as the influence of rail corrugation with different disease parameters on wheel-rail contact characteristics and wear under traction. The results show that the longitudinal force of wheel-rail under traction state is more significantly affected by the inherent stiffness irregularity. The influence of corrugation on relative slip is related to the longitudinal force, and it needs to be superimposed on the influence of inherent stiffness irregularity. The superposition effect is related to the wavelength and valley depth of corrugation. In the valley depth limit of corrugation, when the corrugation wavelength is short or the valley depth is large, the longitudinal force will have a vibration mode similar to the corrugation geometry, resulting in the relative slip distribution related to the corrugation geometry. The change of contact pressure further affects the wear depth, so that the wear near the crest increases, the wear near the trough decreases, and the corrugation further develops. Due to the small phase difference between the wear increment phase and the geometric phase of the corrugation, the rail corrugation tends to slow down, and the corrugation slows down faster under larger wavelength and valley depth. The research conclusions are expected to provide a theoretical reference for the rail maintenance strategy in high-speed wheel-rail corrugation section.