脂润滑小模数齿轮副时变啮合刚度计算方法

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振动与冲击 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5) : 80-87.

振动与机械科学

脂润滑小模数齿轮副时变啮合刚度计算方法

胡波*1,2,谭清杰1,董建雄1,2,肖泽亮1,2,尹来容1,2

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Calculation method for time-varying meshing stiffness of grease lubricated small module gear pairs

HU Bo*1,2, TAN Qingjie1, DONG Jianxiong1.2, XIAO Zeliang1,2, YIN Lairong1,2

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摘要

时变啮合刚度是齿轮动力学设计与分析中至关重要的参数；而充斥啮合齿面的润滑剂会改变齿轮接触特性，影响时变啮合刚度。同时，小模数齿轮副的中心距极小，其啮合角、重合度与啮合刚度等对中心距误差非常敏感。针对脂润滑与中心距误差对小模数齿轮接触的影响，本文基于弹流脂润滑理论，推导了油膜承载刚度的计算公式；结合势能法，构建了脂润滑齿轮的时变啮合刚度计算模型，研究了转速、粘度对脂润滑齿轮啮合刚度的影响规律。研究结果表明：脂润滑小模数齿轮的二次压力峰与膜厚紧缩现象明显，其位置随着载荷的增加向出口偏移；充斥啮合齿面之间的润滑油膜通过增大接触面积，从而强化小模数齿轮的时变啮合刚度；相反，中心距误差的增加会弱化齿轮副的时变啮合刚度；油脂粘度可以增加油膜对齿轮副啮合刚度的强化作用，但齿轮转速的上升会弱化脂润滑齿轮的啮合刚度。

Abstract

Time-varying mesh stiffness is a crucial parameter in gear dynamics design and analysis. The lubricant filling the meshing tooth surface will change the contact characteristics of the gear pair, thereby affecting the time-varying mesh stiffness. The center distance of the small module gear pair is very small, and the angle of engagement, contact ratio and mesh stiffness are very sensitive to the center distance error. In light of the influence of the grease lubrication and center distance error on the contact characteristics of small module gears, the formula for calculating the oil film bearing stiffness was deduced in this study based on the elastohydrodynamic lubrication theory. Combining the potential energy method, a time-varying mesh stiffness calculation model for grease-lubricated gear pair was constructed to investigate the effects of the speed, viscosity and center distance error on the time-varying mesh stiffness. The research findings reveal that the secondary pressure peak and film thickness contraction phenomenon are evident in grease-lubricated small module gears, with the position of the peak shifting towards the exit with increasing load. The lubricating oil film filling the meshing tooth surfaces increases the contact area between meshing tooth surfaces, thereby enhancing the time-varying mesh stiffness of small module gear pair. On the contrary, the increase of center distance error will weaken the time-varying meshing stiffness of the gear pair. Oil viscosity enhances the strengthening effect of the oil film on the mesh stiffness of gear pairs with grease lubrication, but the increase of the gear speed weakens the mesh stiffness.

导出引用

胡波1, 2, 谭清杰1, 董建雄1, 2, 肖泽亮1, 2, 尹来容1, 2. 脂润滑小模数齿轮副时变啮合刚度计算方法[J]. 振动与冲击, 2025, 44(5): 80-87

HU Bo1, 2, TAN Qingjie1, DONG Jianxiong1.2, XIAO Zeliang1, 2, YIN Lairong1, 2. Calculation method for time-varying meshing stiffness of grease lubricated small module gear pairs[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2025, 44(5): 80-87

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