为研究随机冰场对运动体入水过程的影响，引入随机冰场结合高速摄影技术，开展了碎冰环境下的运动体垂直入水实验。对比分析了无冰环境与碎冰环境下的运动体入水过程中的差异，入水过程分为入水冲击阶段和带空泡运动阶段两个阶段进行研究，得到了碎冰环境下运动体入水的空泡演化特性；通过对比不同碎冰密度下运动体入水的空泡演化过程，总结得出了碎冰密度对于运动体空泡演化特性以及入水运动特性的影响规律。研究结果表明：在入水冲击阶段，与无冰环境相比，碎冰环境下同一深度处空泡直径较大并且空泡扩张持续的时间更长；在带空泡运动阶段，碎冰阻碍了空泡收缩，空泡收缩时间延长。相比于无冰环境，空泡直径与空泡长度均较大，产生的溃灭尾迹更加严重。随着碎冰密度的增加，空泡的闭合长度和最大直径呈现出明显的增长趋势，空泡表面闭合的时间也相应推迟，运动体速度衰减的幅度更大。
Abstract
To investigate the effects of a random ice field on the water-entry process of a moving body, a series of experiments on the vertical water entry of a moving body in a crushed ice environment were conducted, integrating the use of a random ice field and high-speed photography technology. The water entry process of vertical moving body was analyzed under both ice-free and crushed ice environment, and the water-entry process is divided into two stages: water-entry impact stage and movement with cavity stage. Additionally, a series water-entry experiments were also conducted with different crushed ice densities environment, the law of influence of crushed ice densities on the evolution of vertical moving body water cavitation is summarized. Results show that during the water-entry impact stage, compared with the ice-free environment, the cavity diameter is larger and the cavity expansion duration is longer at the same depth under the crushed ice environment. During the movement with cavity stage, crushed ice restricts the cavity from contracting. Compared with the ice-free environment, the cavity diameter and length are larger, and the collapse wake is more serious. With the increase of ice density, the closing length and maximum diameter of the cavity increase obviously, the closing time of the surface is delayed, and the velocity attenuation of the moving body is increased.
关键词
运动体 /
垂直入水 /
碎冰环境 /
空泡演化 /
入水实验
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Key words
moving body /
vertical water-entry process /
crushed ice environment /
cavity evolution /
water-entry experiments
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