古沉积盆地的泥石流不稳定运动与震动信号的响应&nbsp;

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振动与冲击 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6) : 223-230.

地震科学与结构抗震

古沉积盆地的泥石流不稳定运动与震动信号的响应

黄锋1,2，吕立群*1，马超1，侯成宥1，皋子琪1，朱贵楠1

作者信息 +

Debris flow unstable movement and response to seismic signals in paleosedimentary basins

HUANG Feng1,2,L Liqun*1,MA Chao1,HOU Chengyou1,GAO Ziqi1,ZHU Guinan1

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

（意义）黄河主流的下切导致同德盆地侵蚀基准面下降，促使同德盆地由古沉积区转化为侵蚀区，泥石流灾害频发，其形成运动过程的监测有利于保障河谷底部牧民的生命财产安全。（方法）运用带通滤波器（BP-filter）、快速傅里叶变换（FFT）、功率谱密度（PSD）等地震动信号处理方法，揭示泥石流运动过程中的时频特征和能量特征；结合视频、泥位计、流速计、压力传感器等监测设备分析了泥石流动力学参数与震动信号之间的关系。（结果）结果表明： STA/LTA比值能够响应泥石流事件，龙头的R值远大于龙身，当泥石流呈现阵性流时，STA/LTA比值有激增现象，而且监测值比实际值要提前；功率谱密度能反映泥石流的不稳定运动过程，中、高频率的功率谱密度与低频率相比包含着更多的泥石流动力学信息；以单一能量阈值去区分泥石流和山洪并不可行，其能量阈值受到泥石流不稳定运动过程中沿岸崩滑物质加入的影响；地震动信号与泥石流泥位、流量、流速等单一运动参数的响应关系差，与质量流的响应关系最好。

Abstract

The incision of the Yellow River's has led to a decrease in the erosion base level of the Tongde Basin, causing it to transition from a sedimentary to an erosional area, and increasing the frequency of debris flow disasters. Monitoring the formation and movement process of debris flows is beneficial for ensuring the safety of the lives and properties of pastoralists in the valley bottom. Techniques such as the Band-Pass Filter (BP-filter), Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), and Power Spectral Density (PSD) analysis are employed to uncover the time-frequency attributes and energy distribution patterns of debris flow movements. The relationship between the dynamic parameters of debris flows and vibration signals is analyzed by combining monitoring devices such as video cameras, mud level meters, flow rate meters, and pressure sensors. The results indicate that the STA/LTA ratio can effectively respond to debris flow events, with significantly higher R values at the debris flow head compared to the debris flow body. During the occurrence of episodic flows, the STA/LTA ratio exhibits a sharp increase, with monitoring values preceding actual events. Power spectral density can reflect the unstable movement process of debris flows, with mid and high-frequency bands containing more dynamic information compared to low-frequency bands. Distinguishing between debris flows and flash floods based on a single energy threshold is not feasible, as the energy threshold is influenced by the addition of material from bank collapses during the unstable movement of debris flows. The response relationship between seismic signals and single movement parameters such as mud level, flow rate, and velocity of debris flows is poor, while the relationship with mass flow is the most robust.

导出引用

黄锋1, 2, 吕立群1, 马超1, 侯成宥1, 皋子琪1, 朱贵楠1. 古沉积盆地的泥石流不稳定运动与震动信号的响应 [J]. 振动与冲击, 2025, 44(6): 223-230

HUANG Feng1, 2, L Liqun1, MA Chao1, HOU Chengyou1, GAO Ziqi1, ZHU Guinan1. Debris flow unstable movement and response to seismic signals in paleosedimentary basins[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2025, 44(6): 223-230

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