基于某地铁隧道内轨道振动和沿线建筑物室内振动及二次结构噪声现场试验，对限速前后隧道内振动、室内振动和二次噪声进行评价和对比分析。结果表明，隧道内振动、室内振动和二次结构噪声在不同列车间差异较大具有明显离散性，限速后振动总体减小离散度变大，振动和二次结构噪声受列车状态影响明显；40~80Hz频段振动是室内振动和二次结构噪声的主要激励源；列车限速后，室内振动和二次结构噪声总体水平降低但作用时间延长，振动和噪声总暴露量可能增大。限速对于车轮状态较差的列车效果不明显，优先进行镟轮等来改善轮轨关系以减小振动和二次结构噪声的影响。分时段限速和改善列车轮轨关系措施可为地铁振动噪声提质改造提供借鉴。
Abstract
Field tests on track vibrations in a subway tunnel, indoor vibrations, and secondary structure noise in nearby buildings were conducted. Vibrations and noise levels before and after speed reduction were evaluated and com-pared. The results show that tunnel vibrations, indoor vibrations, and secondary structure noise varied significantly be-tween trains, displaying notable dispersion. After speed reduction, overall vibrations decreased, but dispersion increased, significantly influenced by train conditions. Vibrations in the 40-80Hz frequency range are the main sources of indoor vibrations and secondary structure noise. Post-speed reduction, indoor vibrations and secondary structure noise levels decreased overall, but the impact duration extended, potentially increasing the total exposure to vibration and noise. Speed reduction is less effective for trains with poor wheel conditions. Wheel re-profiling is recommended to improve wheel-rail interaction and reduce vibrations and secondary structure noise. Time-segmented speed limits and wheel-rail improvements can inform enhancements in subway vibration and noise control.
关键词
轨道交通 /
限速运行 /
建筑振动 /
二次结构噪声 /
试验研究
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Key words
rail transit /
speed limit operation /
building vibration /
secondary structural noise /
experimental study
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