涌潮冲击桩柱体最大压强及最大载荷的计算方法

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振动与冲击 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6) : 90-103.

冲击与爆炸

涌潮冲击桩柱体最大压强及最大载荷的计算方法

王旭1,2，屈科*1,2,杨元平2,3，王超1

作者信息 +

Computational method for the maximum pressure and maximum load on tidal bores impact pile columns

WANG Xu1,2，QU Ke*1,2,YANG Yuanping2,3，WANG Chao1

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

涌潮是一种蕴含着巨大能量的特殊强非线性间断流，因此涌潮区域内桥墩等桩柱体建筑物会受到极大的涌潮冲击力，可能会对桩柱体等涉水结构造成严重毁坏。基于开源程序OpenFOAM和wave2Foam构建高精度涌潮数值水槽，求解雷诺平均的Navier-Stokes方程。首先，进行高精度涌潮数值水槽计算涌潮传播、演变及与桩柱体相互作用的能力。然后，数值计算涌潮与桩柱体相互作用过程中涌潮传播、演变、及桩柱体结构动力响应特性的变化规律，并阐明不同形态涌潮与桩柱体发生相互作用时涌潮复杂水动力特性机理。系统分析不同涌潮高度、潮前水深、桩柱体斜置角度和作用方向对涌潮水动力载荷和最大冲击压强的影响。结果表明：涌潮与桩柱体发生相互作用时，涌潮最大水动力载荷和最大冲击压强随着涌潮高度的增加显著增加，呈现出线性增大趋势；波状涌潮和弱旋滚涌潮的最大水动力载荷和最大冲击压强随潮前水深的增大而增大，然而强漩滚涌潮冲击桩柱体时的最大水动力载荷和最大冲击压强随潮前水深的变化没有明显增大的趋势；涌潮冲击桩柱体过程中，相比垂直桩柱体涌潮对正向斜置桩柱体作用的水动力载荷较小，且最大冲击压强的大小也因桩柱体的斜置发生了明显的减小现象。基于对涌潮最大水动力载荷和最大冲击压强数据结果进行系统整理，结合理论特性分析，提出适合不同形态涌潮冲击桩柱体时的最大水动力载荷和涌潮最大冲击压强的理论计算公式。为强潮区域桥梁基础结构的设计提供参考意义。

Abstract

Based on the open source programs OpenFOAM and wave2Foam, we construct a high-precision numerical flume to solve the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. First, a high-precision tidal bore numerical flume is carried out to calculate the tidal bore, propagation, evolution, and the ability to interact with pile and column bodies. Then, we numerically calculate the change rules of surge propagation, evolution, and structural dynamic response characteristics of the pile column during the interaction between the tidal bore, and the pile column, and elucidate the complex hydrodynamic characteristics of the tidal bore, when it interacts with the pile column in different forms. Systematically analyze the influence of different tidal bore, heights, pre-tidal water depths, inclined angle and direction of the pile body on the hydrodynamic load and maximum impact pressure of the tidal bore,. Finally, based on the systematic collation of the maximum hydrodynamic load and maximum impact pressure, combined with the theoretical characterization, the theoretical calculation formulas of the maximum hydrodynamic load and maximum impact pressure are proposed to be suitable for the tidal bore, impacting on the pile columns in different forms.

导出引用

王旭1, 2, 屈科1, 2 杨元平2, 3, 王超1. 涌潮冲击桩柱体最大压强及最大载荷的计算方法[J]. 振动与冲击, 2025, 44(6): 90-103

WANG Xu1, 2, QU Ke1, 2, YANG Yuanping2, 3, WANG Chao1. Computational method for the maximum pressure and maximum load on tidal bores impact pile columns[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2025, 44(6): 90-103

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