为了解全垫升式气垫船柔性围裙气囊充气成型后的振动特性及动态响应行为，采用控制体积法模拟围裙气囊充气成型过程，使气囊达到充气平衡状态。基于此动态平衡状态，考虑充气预应力对气囊固有振动特性的影响，对气垫船三维围裙气囊结构进行模态分析，求解气囊固有频率与振型。针对复杂的整体模态，根据空间特征解耦为轴向模态与面内模态，分析解耦后模态的振动特性，并重新进行组合。低阶轴向模态和面内模态均表现出充气结构的整体刚度特性，高阶轴向模态反映局部振动特性，高阶面内模态呈现复杂的“花瓣形”；将轴向模态和面内模态进行组合，得到气囊振型定性描述的模态数据库；2-6Hz频率区间内，以整体振型为主，6-10Hz区间内，模态耦合复杂，振型较难区分，轴向模态和面内模态半波数相同的振型，会同时存在两种面内模态形式。研究结果可为气垫船围裙气囊动态响应特性研究提供有益的参考。
Abstract
In order to understand the vibration characteristics and dynamic response behavior of the air cushion vehicle (ACV) flexible skirt airbags after inflation, the control volume method was used to simulate the inflation process, allowing the airbags to reach an inflation equilibrium state. Based on this dynamic equilibrium state, The prestress effect on the natural vibration characteristics was considered, and modal analysis was conducted to solve the frequencies and mode shapes. The modes were decoupled into axial and in-plane modes based on spatial characteristics for the complex overall modes. The vibration characteristics of decoupled modes were analyzed and recombined. The results show that the low-order axial and in-plane modes both exhibit the overall stiffness characteristics; the high-order axial modes reflect local vibration characteristics, while the high-order in-plane modes present complex "petal-shaped" patterns; the axial modes and in-plane modes are combined to obtain a modal database for qualitative description; in the 2-6 Hz range, the overall vibration shapes predominate; in the 6-10 Hz range, the modal coupling becomes complex, and the vibration shapes are difficult to distinguish; overall modes with the same half-wave number for both axial and in-plane modes will simultaneously present two types of in-plane modal forms. The results can provide valuable references for the research on the dynamic response characteristics of skirt airbags in ACV.
关键词
全垫升式气垫船 /
柔性围裙气囊 /
含预应力薄膜 /
控制体积法 /
模态特性分析
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Key words
air cushion vehicle /
flexible skirt airbag /
prestressed membrane /
control volume method /
modal characteristic analysis
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