随着油气勘探区内的村庄、城镇以及工农业设施等复杂地表所占比例越来越大，分布越来越广，凭借经验选择激发点位，应用不当的激发参数，往往导致地表建筑物等设施损坏，产生经济损失和工农纠纷，降低了勘探质量的同时，产生了严重的安全隐患。为此，研究了炸药震源与可控震源基于质点振动检测的安全施工参数估算方法，掌握了震源到建筑物等设施的距离与震源参数之间的安全激发关系；在此基础上，明确了基于地震仪器检测质点振动的方法，给出了方法的实现流程。将该方法应用到LJ三维、CGZ三维采集项目中，实现了复杂地表的安全、优质、高效施工，避免了地震采集作业对建筑物等设施的破坏，验证了方法的准确性与可行性。

With the rapid development and wide application of high-density, uniform and high-precision seismic exploration technology, the complex surface such as villages, towns and industrial and agricultural facilities in oil and gas exploration areas occupies a larger proportion and is more widely distributed. In the past complex surface construction, the selection of excitation points based on experience, the application of improper excitation parameters, resulting in damage to surface buildings and other facilities, easy to produce economic losses and disputes between workers and farmers, not only reduce the quality of exploration, but also produce serious security risks. Therefore, the estimation method of particle vibration safety construction parameters during explosive source and vibroseis excitation is studied, and the safe excitation relationship between seismic excitation sources-buildings and other facilities is mastered. On the basis of these, the method of particle vibration detection with seismic instrument is explored. Finally, the method is applied to the actual project and good results are obtained, which realizes the safe, high quality and efficient construction of complex surface and avoids the damage of buildings and other facilities.