不同频谱特性激励下海上风电结构TLD减振控制振动台试验

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振动与冲击 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (9) : 66-76.

振动理论与交叉研究

不同频谱特性激励下海上风电结构TLD减振控制振动台试验

田会元1，乐治济1，张志强2，陈立1，蔡小莹1，卢艺静*2

作者信息 +

Shaking table tests for TLD vibration reduction control of offshore wind powerstructures under excitations with different spectral characteristics

TIAN Huiyuan1, LE Zhiji1, ZHANG Zhiqiang2, CHEN Li1, CAI Xiaoying1, LU Yijing*2

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摘要

本研究以某6.45MW海上风电机组支撑结构为原型，设计相似比为1:15的缩尺模型进行振动台试验。在模型塔顶设置TLD (Tuned liquid damper)，输入多条具有不同频谱特性的外激励，分析并评价海上风电结构的振动响应和阻尼器的减振性能。结果表明：风机塔架结构的加速度响应受外激励频谱影响较大，而位移响应受塔架一阶基频主控。由于塔顶集中质量偏心设置，双向地震输入下，塔架发生空间扭转，塔顶出现“拍频振动”现象。低频丰富的地震激励比高频发育的地震激励对结构振动的影响更大。塔顶增设TLD后，加速度响应减振率最高达30.74%，位移响应减振率最高达34.48%，应力减振率最高达31.94%。由于地震激励持时短，突发性强，TLD晃动存在时滞，因此振动响应峰值的减振效果较简谐激励差。但减振后的塔架振动时域响应振幅均显著降低，衰减速率加快；频域响应下，共振频谱处的谱峰值消失。

Abstract

The support structure of offshore wind turbine is easy to be damaged under the environmental load. Taking the support structure of a 6.45MW offshore wind turbine as the prototype, a 1/15 scale model of the shaking table was designed, and then test the dynamic characteristics. Low order sinusoidal and low frequency Darfield waves are input at the bottom of the model, study the dynamic response of the tower structure under low frequency vibration load. A Tuned liquid damper (TLD) tank is set on the top of the model tower to test the characteristics of the damper. At the same time, the equivalent finite element model is established for numerical simulation of the same working condition. The results show that the vibration response of the tower shows a nonlinear amplification trend from the bottom to the top under low-order vibration excitation, and the distribution of the extreme value of the tower vibration response is similar to the first-order natural vibration mode of the structure. The vibration attenuation effect of the TLD is obvious under sinusoidal excitation, and the vibration amplitude decreases significantly. Under low terrace seismic wave, the response amplitude does not decrease obviously, but TLD increases the additional damping of structure. The equivalent finite element model is in good agreement with the experimental results, and the vibration characteristics of TLD can be effectively simulated by mass block and connector element.

导出引用

田会元1, 乐治济1, 张志强2, 陈立1, 蔡小莹1, 卢艺静2. 不同频谱特性激励下海上风电结构TLD减振控制振动台试验[J]. 振动与冲击, 2025, 44(9): 66-76

TIAN Huiyuan1, LE Zhiji1, ZHANG Zhiqiang2, CHEN Li1, CAI Xiaoying1, LU Yijing2. Shaking table tests for TLD vibration reduction control of offshore wind powerstructures under excitations with different spectral characteristics[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2025, 44(9): 66-76

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