Four statistical damage detection methods were investigated as of five scenarios of a frame structure based on the experimental acceleration responses. The frequency domain features were inspected. The distribution of the time domain were discussed on occurrence rate of acceleration, magnitudes in timr aomain was discussed,and thr aiscussed,and the distributions of probability density and the probability cumulative, as well as the trends of mean and standard deviation were analyzed. It is concluded that the changes of these features make the damage detection possible, but the method may be not feasible if considering the experimental error and the noises effect. The hypothesis tests were performed with a 5% significance level, and the damage detection was done based on the principal component analysis method. It isindicated that the results of hypothesis test can be used for damage existence detection,magnitudes in time domain was discussed, and the disreibutions of preliminary quantification detection.