摘要
钻柱振动信号是一种非常复杂的振动波,它包含了钻柱和钻头自身工况引起的振动、钻头与地层相互作用所激发的振动,钻柱与井壁相互碰撞和粘卡-释放引起的振动等。研究表明,井下钻柱的运动状态、牙轮钻头的磨损状况和岩石的破碎方式的不同,会表现出不同的振动特征。因此,在线监测和分析钻柱振动信号的时域和频域特征,实时识别井下钻具的工作状态,对预防钻具(钻柱和钻头)的早期损坏、减少钻井事故的发生具有重要作用。在调研国内外钻柱振动信号测量方法的基础上,研制了钻柱三轴振动信号的地面测量装置,并进行了现场试验。试验结果表明,通过对振动信号的时域和频域信号的特征分析,对可以识别出钻柱的非稳定工作状态、钻柱粘卡、钻头故障等异常工况,并且通过改变钻压或转盘转速可以消除因钻进参数配合不当二引发的高幅振动,防止钻具的早期损坏。
Abstract
Drilling string vibration is a kind of very complex vibration waves, which contains the vibration caused by drilling string and bit working condition, the vibration stimulated by the interaction of bit and the formation, the vibration caused by collision and stick-slip between drilling string and the borehole wall. Study shown that the moving status of drilling string, bit wear conditions and the rock breaking type will caused different characteristic vibration signals. Therefore, to monitoring and analyze drilling string vibration time-frequency characters online, can identify the status of downhole tools and prevent the premature failures and drilling accidents.
Based on the studies of drilling string vibration test methods in and abroad, drilling string triaxial vibration monitoring device on surface was designed and fields tested. Fields tests shown the drilling string abnormal working status, stick pipe and bit faults can be recognized by online analysis of vibration signals. The server vibration caused by incorrect drilling parameters can be prevented by changing weight on bit or rotary speed and the premature failures of drilling tools can be prevented.
关键词
钻柱振动 加速度计 振动监测 钻具损坏
{{custom_keyword}} /
Key words
Drilling string vibration /
Accelerator /
Vibration monitor /
Drilling tool failure
{{custom_keyword}} /
刘瑞文 管志川 李春山.
钻柱振动信号的在线监测及应用[J]. 振动与冲击, 2013, 32(1): 60-68
Liu Ruiwen;Guan Zhichuan;Li Chunshan.
Drilling string vibration online monitoring and its application[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2013, 32(1): 60-68
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
{{custom_fnGroup.title_cn}}
脚注
{{custom_fn.content}}