离心式压缩机密封动态特性分析及稳定性评价

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振动与冲击 ›› 2013, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (13) : 153-158.

论文

离心式压缩机密封动态特性分析及稳定性评价

宁喜王维民张娅吴炯杨佳丽

作者信息 +

Dynamic Performance Analysis of Seals in Centrifugal Compressor and Rotor Stability Evaluation

NING Xi, WANG Weimin，ZHANG Ya, YANG Jiali, WU Jiong

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摘要

稳定性问题是离心压缩机在向高端化方向发展过程中遇到的主要瓶颈，密封间隙内流体周向流动导致的压力在圆周方向不均匀分布是导致失稳的主要原因。采用数值模拟的方法预测密封的动力特性系数，有助于加强对密封机理的理解，实现密封结构的优化进而提高转子的稳定性和设计的可靠性。本文使用数值模拟的方法，首先基于ANSYS APDL语言，开发了参数化程序来构建迷宫密封、孔式阻尼密封及蜂窝密封的几何模型，采用ANSYS CFX软件，计算并比较三种密封的刚度及阻尼等动力学特性参数，研究结果表明孔式阻尼密封及蜂窝密封相对于迷宫密封可以提供更大的刚度和阻尼、且具有较好的密封特性。在此基础上，以孔式阻尼密封为对象，研究比较了不同孔间距，不同孔径的孔式阻尼密封，找到影响阻尼密封动力学参数的基本规律。最后以一台九级合成气压缩机转子为例，比较不同密封对转子稳定性的影响。CFD计算的结果预测了密封的动力特性以及密封结构参数对转子动力学特性的影响，可以指导密封的设计和压缩机改造，综合考虑性能和制造成本，实现优化设计。

Abstract

The stability of centrifugal compressor is the key point in compressor design. The circumferential fluid flow in seal clearance will lead to non-uniform of pressure distribution result from rotor eccentricity. The numerical simulation method to predict the dynamic characteristic of seals, is good to strengthen the understanding of the mechanism of sealing, sealing structure optimization and improve the stability of the rotor and the reliability of the design. This paper use the method of numerical simulation and develop the parametric programs to build the model of annular seals with ANSYS to predict the dynamic characteristic of seals and sealing properties. The results of the study shows that hole-pattern seal and honeycomb seal will provide more damping, and have better sealing properties than labyrinth seal’s. Also, this paper compared the different structure parameters of hole pattern seals, finding the basic law of dynamic parameters of damping seal. In last of the paper, a 9-stage compressor rotor is provided as an example, comparing the effect of different type of seals on the stability of the rotor. The results of the CFD simulation predicted the dynamic properties of the seal and the effect of the structure parameters on dynamic characteristics, can guide the design of more stable compressor.

导出引用

宁喜王维民张娅吴炯杨佳丽. 离心式压缩机密封动态特性分析及稳定性评价[J]. 振动与冲击, 2013, 32(13): 153-158

NING Xi;WANG Weimin;ZHANG Ya;YANG Jiali;WU Jiong. Dynamic Performance Analysis of Seals in Centrifugal Compressor and Rotor Stability Evaluation [J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2013, 32(13): 153-158