基于分数阶聚能带分析的微弱故障特征提取研究

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振动与冲击 ›› 2013, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (17) : 138-144.

论文

基于分数阶聚能带分析的微弱故障特征提取研究

梅检民1，2，肖云魁1，曾锐利1,李枫1，任金成1

作者信息 +

Feature extraction of weak fault based on analysis of fractional energy gathering band

Mei Jian-min1, 2, Xiao Yun-kui1, Zeng Ruili1, Li Feng1, Ren Jin-cheng1

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

提出了一种分数阶聚能带时频累加谱方法，快速实现长数据的时频分析，突出目标分量，用于提取变速器急加速过程微弱故障特征。根据变速器输入轴转速信号及传动比确定分数阶傅里叶变换（Fractional Fourier Transform, FRFT）最佳阶次，对变速器急加速过程振动信号进行最佳阶次FRFT，根据FRFT模值谱确定聚能带，计算分数阶聚能带时频累加谱，通过对比多组正常和故障数据的分数阶聚能带时频累加谱结果和阶比谱结果，验证该方法的有效性。试验结果表明：根据转速信号能快速、准确确定FRFT最佳阶次；选取聚能带内的FRFT结果进行时频分析，计算量小，分辨率高，分数阶聚能带时频累加谱具有聚焦和局部放大的特点, 能很好地突出目标分量，抑噪噪声，是提取变速器急加速过程信号微弱故障特征的有效方法。

Abstract

A fractional energy gathering band’s time-frequency aggregated spectrum (FETFAS) is proposed to achieve the fast time-frequency analysis of long data and extrude target component, and applied to extract the weak fault feature of rapid accelerating process of gearbox; the best order of Fractional Fourier Transform (FRFT) is ascertained according to the rotating speed signal and transmission ratio, and the vibration signal of accelerating process of gearbox is processed by FRFT of best order, the energy gathering band is fixed from modulus spectrum of FRFT, then the FETFAS is computed. The FETFAS and order spectrums of many groups normal and fault signal are compared to identify the effectiveness of FETFAS. The experimental results show that the method to ascertain the FRFT’s best order by rotating speed signal is fast and exact; the time-frequency analysis of FRFT’s result in EGB has less computing amount and high resolution; FETFAS has the character of focusing and zooming, and is able to extrude the target component and restrain noise very well, so it is an effective method to extract weak fault feature from the signal of rapid accelerating process.

导出引用

梅检民;肖云魁;曾锐利;李枫;任金成. 基于分数阶聚能带分析的微弱故障特征提取研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2013, 32(17): 138-144

Mei Jian-min;;Xiao Yun-kui;Zeng Ruili;Li Feng;Ren Jin-cheng. Feature extraction of weak fault based on analysis of fractional energy gathering band [J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2013, 32(17): 138-144