车轮滚过钢轨错牙接头处产生的轮轨冲击噪声机理分析

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振动与冲击 ›› 2013, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (17) : 59-63.

论文

车轮滚过钢轨错牙接头处产生的轮轨冲击噪声机理分析

杨新文1, 石广田2, 张小安2

作者信息 +

Mechanism on Wheel/rail Impact Noise Generation Due to a Railway Wheel Passing over Rail Joints with Height Difference

YANG Xin-wen1，SHI Guang-tian2，ZHANG Xiao-an2

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

当列车通过钢轨错牙接头时，会产生强烈的冲击并引起冲击噪声。为了探明铁路线上列车通过钢轨错牙接头处产生的轮轨冲击噪声，建立了基于车轮－轨道相互作用的轮轨冲击噪声预测模型，计算分析了钢轨错牙接头激扰下轮轨冲击力和冲击噪声的特性。结果表明：车轮通过钢轨错牙接头时会产生剧烈的冲击力和冲击噪声；迎轮错牙引起的轮轨冲击力峰值比送轮错牙接头要大210.5kN, 而引起的冲击噪声比送轮错牙接头大10～20dB(A)。错牙高度越大其引起的轮轨冲击力和轮轨冲击噪声也越大。钢轨错牙高度增加0.5mm时，轮轨冲击力最大峰值约增大60～90kN，而轮轨冲击噪声在全频段都会增加1～3dB(A)，钢轨错牙引起的轮轨冲击力与冲击噪声成正比关系。随着车轮运行速度的增加，其激发的轮轨冲击力相应地增加， P1力变化比P2力明显，车轮速度在100km/h以上钢轨错牙引起的轮轨冲击噪声变化十分显著。

Abstract

When a train passes over rail joints with height difference in railway line, impact forces and impact noises can be produced seriously. In order to predict and control the wheel/rail impact noise, a model which could simulate wheel/rail impact noise is presented based on the vehicle-track coupled interaction. The wheel/rail impact forces and noises due to a railway wheel passing over rail joints had been studied. The results show that wheel/rail impact force and impact noise will dramaticlly produce when a wheel passes over rail joints with height difference. Peak value of wheel/rail impact force due to passing upward height difference of rail joint is more 210.5kN than passing downward height difference of rail joint, whereas wheel/rail impact noise due to passing upward height difference of rail joint is more 10～20dB(A) than passing downward height difference of rail joints. The more height difference is, the more the impact forces and impact noises are. The more height difference of rail joint increase by 0.5 mm, the more wheel/rail impact maximum peak increases about 60～90kN, whereas the more wheel/rail impact noise in the whole frequency band will increase 1～3 dB (A). The wheel/rail impact force due to rail joints is proportional to wheel/rail impact noise. As a wheel running speed increases, the wheel/rail impact forces due to rail joints with height difference will correspondingly increase. Force P1 is increased more obviously than force P2. When a wheel speed is above 100km/h, the wheel/rail impact noises due to rail joints with height difference will change sharply.

导出引用

杨新文;石广田;张小安. 车轮滚过钢轨错牙接头处产生的轮轨冲击噪声机理分析[J]. 振动与冲击, 2013, 32(17): 59-63

YANG Xin-wen;SHI Guang-tian;ZHANG Xiao-an. Mechanism on Wheel/rail Impact Noise Generation Due to a Railway Wheel Passing over Rail Joints with Height Difference[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2013, 32(17): 59-63