基于时域多普勒校正和EEMD的列车轴承道旁声音监测故障诊断方法研究

刘方;沈长青;何清波;胡飞;张翱;孔凡让

振动与冲击 ›› 2013, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (24) : 104-109.

PDF(1899 KB)
PDF(1899 KB)
振动与冲击 ›› 2013, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (24) : 104-109.
论文

基于时域多普勒校正和EEMD的列车轴承道旁声音监测故障诊断方法研究

  • 刘方,沈长青,何清波,胡飞,张翱,孔凡让
作者信息 +

Research on wayside acoustic fault diagnosis for locomotive bearings based on time-domain Doppler effect correction and EEMD method

  • LIU Fang, SHEN Chang-qing, HE Qing-bo, HU Fei, ZHANG Ao, KONG Fan-rang
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摘要

提出了一种列车轴承的道旁声音监测故障诊断方法,该方法首先在时域内对道旁监测麦克风采集到的轴承声音信号进行时域多普勒校正,有效地解决了由于多普勒效应而带来的轴承声音信号的频移、频带扩展以及幅值调制的问题。然后利用EEMD方法提取蕴含轴承故障特征信息的本征模态信号并计算其包络谱来判断轴承是否存在故障。将该方法用于火车轴承外圈、内圈局部故障状态下的特征提取,结果表明该方法能够有效去除轴承声音信号中的多普勒效应,并能够有效提取列车轴承的故障特征。

Abstract

A new method of wayside acoustic fault diagnosis for locomotive bearings is presented in this paper. In this method, firstly, time-domain Doppler effect correction is implemented for the bearing’s acoustic signal recorded by the wayside microphone. Such problems as frequency shift, frequency band expansion and amplitude modulation can be solved through this correction. Secondly, the Ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) method is applied to extract the Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs) which contains the fault signature of the bearings. Finally the envelope spectrum of the selected IMF is calculated to decide whether the bearing is defective. This method is applied to the feature extraction for a locomotive bearing with a single defect on the outer race and inner race, respectively. The results show that the proposed method can reduce the Doppler effect embedded in the bearing’s acoustic signal and can extract the fault signature of the locomotive bearings.



关键词

列车轴承 / 故障诊断 / 多普勒校正 / EEMD

Key words

Locomotive bearing / Fault diagnosis / Doppler effect correction / EEMD

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刘方;沈长青;何清波;胡飞;张翱;孔凡让. 基于时域多普勒校正和EEMD的列车轴承道旁声音监测故障诊断方法研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2013, 32(24): 104-109
LIU Fang;SHEN Chang-qing;HE Qing-bo;HU Fei;ZHANG Ao;KONG Fan-rang. Research on wayside acoustic fault diagnosis for locomotive bearings based on time-domain Doppler effect correction and EEMD method[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2013, 32(24): 104-109

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