一类具有非对称特性的隔振装置结构参数实验辨识方法

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振动与冲击 ›› 2013, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (6) : 18-23.

论文

一类具有非对称特性的隔振装置结构参数实验辨识方法

张呈波1 张晓旭2 宋汉文1

作者信息 +

An Experimental Identification Method for the Nonlinear Vibration Isolator with Unsymmetrical Dynamic Characteristics

Zhang C B1, Zhang X X2, Song H W1

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文章历史 +

摘要

由于重力或装配应力等偏置力的影响，隔振元件的工作状态将会偏离原始平衡位置，进而产生具有非对称特性的动力学行为，其具体表现为系统的动态响应存在刚性漂移现象，且该刚性漂移的大小与外激励频率、幅值均存在复杂的关系；其次，由于振动传感器主要针对动态信号，对于零频附近的低频信号存在灵敏度低、测量误差大的缺陷。因而，对于系统响应中存在的刚性漂移信号，实验中往往无法准确测定，甚至可能丢失，这将给系统的动力学参数标定带来非常大的影响。本文针对该问题，建立了此类隔振实验装置的非对称动力学模型，并利用较为成熟的谐波平衡原理构造了一种简单的迭代算法，使其在刚性漂移信息缺失的情况下，仍然能够有效地辨识得到系统结构参数。通过数值仿真，本文验证了该算法的有效性，并将其应用于一款具体的隔振元件动力学参数辨识工作中。其结果表明，由该算法辨识得到的结构参数与系统真实动力学特性具有较高的吻合度，对于其它具有类似特性的隔振元件的设计及应用具有一定的参考价值。

Abstract

When the vibration isolator stays in a biased situation induced by gravity, assembly stress etc., there will be a complex dynamic phenomenon with unsymmetrical characteristic in the concrete as rigid drift. Besides, this kind of drift has intimate relationship both with external exciting frequency and its amplitude. On the other hand, the vibration sensors mainly suit for the measurement of dynamic signals. Therefore, they have some deficiencies like blunt sensitivity and low accuracy in the measurement of constant and slowly varying signals. When these sensors are applied to the experiment of the unsymmetrical systems mentioned above, the rigid drift data will be measured inaccurately or even lost, which can cause great difficulty to the system’s parameter identification. According to this problem, a simple iteration algorithm based on the principle of harmonic balance is constructed for the parameter identification of unsymmetrical dynamic systems so that it is still efficient in the case of the losing of the rigid drift information. After the demonstration of a numerical simulation, this algorithm is successfully applied to the parameter identification of a real vibration isolator. The results show that the identified parameters have satisfying coincidence with the isolator’s experimental dynamic character.

导出引用

张呈波张晓旭宋汉文. 一类具有非对称特性的隔振装置结构参数实验辨识方法[J]. 振动与冲击, 2013, 32(6): 18-23

Zhang C B;Zhang X X;Song H W. An Experimental Identification Method for the Nonlinear Vibration Isolator with Unsymmetrical Dynamic Characteristics[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2013, 32(6): 18-23