五模块铰接有轨电车调簧算法研究

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振动与冲击 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (17) : 144-152.

论文

五模块铰接有轨电车调簧算法研究

刘伟渭,陈靖雨,高明杰,王勇,江哲,刘命

作者信息 +

Five-module floating train springs adjustment algorithm

LIU Weiwei, CHEN Jingyu, GAO Mingjie, WANG Yong, JIANG Zhe, LIU Ming

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

通过加垫调簧对轮轴重调整以满足偏差要求是列车出厂验收作业中费时费力环节，现在对于调簧位置、加垫量的确定基本靠作业人员经验，尚没有一个高效、准确的算法作为理论支撑。本文以结构特殊、受力复杂的五模块有轨电车为对象，在考虑车间铰接、一系刚簧和二系空簧刚度作用条件下，首先建立车辆等效模型和力学模型；然后给出调簧算法流程和车辆调簧模型；再把称重试验台实测各轮重值作为调簧模型的输入，利用模拟退火算法、遗传算法对模型进行寻优求解并给出了对应的两种调簧方案；最后对列车进行加垫调簧作业和试验称重测试。结果表明：算法指标从5.52%分别降至1.99%和1.82%，最大轮重偏差率从4.13%分别降至1.93%和1.6%，最大动轴偏差率从3.52%降为1.99%和1.82%，最大拖轴偏差率从1.38%降为0.17%和0.98%。总体来看，利用所求得的调簧方案，均可一次性对列车轮轴重偏差进行调平并满足规范要求，省去了车体和转向架来回拆卸吊装，作业效率和调平精度显著提高，另外利用该方法只需建立相应的联合刚度矩阵，即可简易的推广应用于其余各轨道车辆车型，这为轨道车辆的加垫调簧提供了理论支撑。

Abstract

Adjusting the wheel axle load by adding cushion adjusting spring to meet the deviation requirements is a time-consuming and laborious link in the factory acceptance standard of the train. The determination of spring adjustment position and cushion amount basically depends on the experience of operators, and there is no efficient and accurate algorithm as the theoretical support. In this paper, the train spring adjusting model is established; Then, the specific flow of the algorithm of adding cushion and adjusting spring is given; Simulated annealing algorithm and genetic algorithm are used to optimize the model, and the spring adjustment scheme is given; Finally, the train is padded and spring adjusted, and the test weighing test is carried out. The algorithm indexes decreased from 5.52% to 1.99% and 1.82%, the maximum wheel weight deviation rate decreased from 4.13% to 1.93% and 1.6%, the maximum dynamic axle deviation rate decreased from 3.52% to 1.99% and 1.82%, and the maximum towing axle deviation rate decreased from 1.38% to 0.17% and 0.98%.The results show that the two calculated spring adjustment schemes can level the axle load deviation of the train wheel at one time and meet the specification requirements, eliminating the need for back and forth disassembly and hoisting of the car body and bogie, and the operation efficiency and adjustment accuracy are significantly improved. Using this method, only the corresponding joint stiffness matrix needs to be established, which can be easily popularized and applied to other rail vehicle models, which provides a theoretical support for the cushion spring adjustment of rail vehicles.

导出引用

刘伟渭,陈靖雨,高明杰,王勇,江哲,刘命. 五模块铰接有轨电车调簧算法研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2023, 42(17): 144-152

LIU Weiwei, CHEN Jingyu, GAO Mingjie, WANG Yong, JIANG Zhe, LIU Ming. Five-module floating train springs adjustment algorithm[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2023, 42(17): 144-152

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