极端波浪作用下跨海箱形桥梁上部结构流固耦合特性研究

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振动与冲击 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (17) : 210-219.

论文

黄博1，唐尧1，杨志莹2，祝兵2，屈建强3

作者信息 +

Fluid-structure interaction characteristics of superstructure of a cross-sea box bridge under extreme wave action

HUANG Bo1, TANG Yao1, YANG Zhiying2, ZHU Bing2, QU Jianqiang3

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

跨海桥梁面临着海洋环境中极端波浪的巨大威胁，波浪-结构的耦合作用特性是跨海箱形桥梁上部结构的极端波浪设计中需考虑的关键问题。文章采用OpenFOAM程序基于有限体积法离散不可压缩流体的Naiver-Stokes方程，并结合SST k-ω湍流模型模拟极端波浪的生成、传播及冲击作用，以弹簧-质量-阻尼系统模拟箱梁上部结构运动体系，并基于动网格方法构建极端波浪与箱梁上部结构相互作用的多相流耦合模型。通过与模型水槽试验结果和已有文献的仿真结果的对比验证该耦合模型的有效性，随后利用该耦合模型探究了波浪参数、结构特性及约束刚度等参数对箱形桥梁上部结构波浪荷载、动力特性及支座力的影响规律。结果表明：结构与流体的耦合效应导致箱形桥梁上部结构所受波浪荷载的波动增大和极值减小，其中水平波浪力最大降低28 %，竖向波浪力最大降低22.5 %，考虑流固耦合能更为合理地反映极端波浪作用下跨海箱形桥梁上部结构的实际波浪荷载；随着结构自振周期的增大，箱形桥梁上部结构所受的水平弹簧约束刚度下降，进而导致箱形桥梁上部结构的水平位移增大；在跨海桥梁上部结构的支座设计中不仅需要考虑上部结构所受波浪荷载，还应考虑结构运动及流固耦合效应对支座力的影响。

Abstract

Coastal bridges face great threats from extreme waves in the ocean environment, and the wave-structure interaction is a key problem need to be solved in the design of the box-girder superstructure when subjected to extreme wave actions. In this paper, the OpenFOAM program and the Finite volume method were used to discretize the Naiver-Stokes equation for modeling incompressible fluid, and combined with the SST k-ω turbulence model to simulate the generation, propagation and impact of extreme waves. In addition, a spring-mass-damping system was used to simulate the motion system of the box-girder superstructure, and a multiphase coupling model between extreme waves and the box-girder superstructure was established based on the dynamic grid method. The effectiveness of the coupling model was verified by comparing with the flume test results of the wave-structure interaction model and the simulation results of existing literatures. Then, the effects of wave parameters, structural characteristics and constraint stiffness on the wave forces, dynamic characteristics and bearing forces of the box-girder superstructure were investigated by using the coupling model. The results show that the coupling effect of the box-girder superstructure and waves causes the wave force to fluctuate and decrease, and the maximum horizontal wave force decreases by 28 % and the maximum vertical wave force decreases by 22.5 %. It is more reasonable to predict wave forces of the box-girder superstructure under extreme wave action through considering the fluid-structure interaction. With the increase of the structural natural vibration period, the constraint stiffness of horizontal spring decreases, which leads to the increase of horizontal displacements of the box-girder superstructure. In the support design of the coastal bridge superstructure, not only the wave force on the superstructure should be considered, but also the influence of the structural motion and the fluid-structure interaction on the bearing force should be considered.

导出引用

黄博1，唐尧1，杨志莹2，祝兵2，屈建强3. 极端波浪作用下跨海箱形桥梁上部结构流固耦合特性研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2023, 42(17): 210-219

HUANG Bo1, TANG Yao1, YANG Zhiying2, ZHU Bing2, QU Jianqiang3. Fluid-structure interaction characteristics of superstructure of a cross-sea box bridge under extreme wave action[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2023, 42(17): 210-219

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