为研究非一致地震激励下土箱边界对埋地油气管道振动台试验的影响，本文在国内外研制振动台用模型箱的基础上，设计了适用于本试验用的双向层状剪切型连续体模型箱，本模型箱是由层叠式框架箱体、滚动滑移机构、限位滑移机构以及伸缩机构等组成的三维结构体系。运用有限元分析软件ABAQUS对设计的模型箱进行振型分析，并利用振动台试验结果与数值模拟结果对照，探究在一致、非一致地震激励下模型箱的适用性及稳定性。分析结果表明，设计模型箱的自振频率与箱-土的自振频率相差较大，即模型箱对模型箱内土体的自振特性影响较小；同一深度处不同测点的土体加速度时程曲线吻合程度较高，即模型箱的边界效应较小；不同高度处的土体位移时程曲线波动幅度较大，即模型箱的层间剪切变形能力效果较好；同一高度处箱体两端的位移时程曲线表现出明显差异性，即箱体两端的错动变形效果理想。故本文所设计的双向层状剪切型连续体模型箱能够实现剪切变形效果和降低模型箱边界效应的影响，该模型箱的研制为今后研究埋地管道的地震响应问题提供坚实保障。
Abstract
In order to study the influence of the soil box boundary on the shaking table test of buried oil and gas pipelines under non-uniform seismic excitation, this paper designs a bi-directional laminated shear type continuum model box for this test on the basis of the model box developed at home and abroad for shaking table. The finite element analysis software ABAQUS was used to analyze the vibration pattern of the designed model box, and the shaker test results were compared with the numerical simulation results to investigate the applicability and stability of the model box under consistent and non-coherent seismic excitation. The analysis results show that the self-vibration frequency of the designed model box differs from that of the box-soil, i.e., the model box has less influence on the self-vibration characteristics of the soil inside the model box; the soil acceleration time course curves at different measurement points at the same depth match to a high degree, i.e., the boundary effect of the model box is small; the soil displacement time course curves at different heights fluctuate to a large extent, i.e., the interlayer shear deformation capacity of the model box has a good effect. The displacement time course curves at the two ends of the box at the same height show obvious difference, i.e. the effect of staggered deformation at the two ends of the box is ideal. Therefore, the two-way laminar shear continuum model box designed in this paper can realize the shear deformation effect and reduce the influence of the model box boundary effect, and the development of this model box provides a solid guarantee for future research on the seismic response of buried pipelines.
关键词
非一致地震激励 /
双向层状剪切型连续体模型箱 /
有限元分析 /
振动台试验 /
边界效应
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Key words
Non-uniform seismic incentives /
Bi-directional laminar shear type continuum model box /
Finite element analysis /
Shaking table test /
Boundary effects
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