针对规范计算长度系数法逐个构件验算确定钢框架整体稳定的不便以及无法考虑同层柱间的相互支援以及层与层的支援作用的不足，本文基于弹簧-摇摆柱模型阐述了有侧移框架结构失稳的物理意义，通过结构转换的概念，首先利用框架重复单元求解楼层抗侧刚度及利用临界刚度比系数求解楼层荷载刚度，然后将楼层抗侧刚度和荷载刚度进行整体组装，将求解钢框架整体稳定临界承载力的二阶计算转化为确定框架整体抗侧刚度的一阶问题，最后基于轴力权重加权平均的方法考虑楼层刚度激活程度，获得可直接计算钢框架临界承载力的计算公式。该公式能够判断结构的薄弱层，可以定量地计算楼层之间相互支援程度，避免了计算长度系数法可能因无法考虑两种支援作用造成的不合理设计。算例计算结果表明：该方法具有很好的精度及准确性，可供工程设计使用。
Abstract
In view of the inconvenience of determining the overall stability of frames by the standard calculation length method for each component checking and the lack of not being able to consider the mutual support between the same layer columns and the inter-story interaction, this paper describes the physical meaning of the instability of sway steel frames based on the spring-swinging column model. Through the concept of structural transformation, first this paper use the frame repeating unit to solve the floor lateral stiffness and the critical stiffness ratio coefficient to solve the floor load stiffness, and then the floor lateral stiffness and the floor load stiffness are assembled as a whole, and the second-order calculation for solving the overall stability critical bearing capacity of steel frames is transformed into a first-order problem to determine the overall lateral stiffness of frames. Finally, the activation degree of the floor stiffness is considered based on the method of axial force weighted average, and the calculation formula that can directly calculate the critical bearing capacity of steel frame is obtained. This formula can judge the weak layer of frame structures, which can quantitatively calculate the degree of mutual support between floors, and avoid the unreasonable design caused by the standard calculation length method because the two support functions cannot be considered. The results of calculation examples show that this method has good precision and accuracy, which can be used for engineering design.
关键词
钢框架 /
弹簧-摇摆柱 /
抗侧刚度 /
荷载刚度 /
临界因子 /
临界承载力
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Key words
Steel frame /
Spring-swaying column /
Lateral stiffness /
Load stiffness /
Critical factor /
Critical bearing capacity
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