扣件弹性垫层劣化对高速列车-道岔系统动力特性的影响

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振动与冲击 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (21) : 101-109.

论文

侯明扬1,2，徐井芒1,2，王平1,2，闫正1,2，马前涛1,2

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Effects of fastener elastic cushion deterioration on dynamic characteristics of high-speed train-turnout system

HOU Mingyang1,2, XU Jingmang1,2, WANG Ping1,2, YAN Zheng1,2, MA Qiantao1,2

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文章历史 +

摘要

随着高速铁路运营时长的增加，道岔区扣件弹性垫层会发生劣化，对列车过岔的动力学性能产生不利影响。为研究扣件弹性垫层劣化对高速列车道岔系统动力特性的影响，考虑道岔区钢轨的柔性变形，以高速铁路18号无砟道岔为研究对象，建立车辆-道岔刚柔耦合动力学模型，通过时域和频域分析，研究扣件弹性垫层劣化位置、劣化程度、劣化个数及行车速度对列车道岔系统动力特性的影响。研究结果表明：扣件弹性垫层劣化位置影响较大，其中尖轨顶宽40mm处为扣件弹性垫层劣化的最不利位置；随劣化程度的增加，车岔系统各动力学指标呈增大趋势，其中垂向指标影响更为显著；扣件弹性垫层劣化个数的增加对尖轨尖端的横向动力学指标产生不利影响，9组扣件连续劣化时横向力较1组扣件弹性垫层劣化时增大21.3%；车辆以250km/h过岔时，扣件弹性垫层劣化对列车道岔系统动力特性的影响最为显著。轴箱振动加速度对扣件弹性垫层劣化较敏感，可在一定程度上反映扣件弹性垫层的劣化。研究成果可为道岔区刚度优化和养护维修提供一定的理论指导。

Abstract

As operation time of high-speed railway increases, the elastic cushion of fasteners in the turnout will deteriorate, adversely affect the dynamic performance of train crossing the turnout. To study the influence of the deterioration of elastic cushion of fasteners on dynamic characteristics of high-speed train-turnout system, considering flexible deformation of rails in turnout, taking No. 18 ballastless turnout of high-speed railway as research object, a vehicle-turnout rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model is established, using time-domain and frequency-domain analysis to study the influence of location, degree, number and driving speed on the dynamic characteristics of train-turnout system when the elastic cushion of the fasteners are deteriorated. The results show that the deterioration position of the elastic cushion of the fastener has a great influence, among which the 40mm top width of tip rail is the most unfavorable position. As deterioration degree increases, the dynamic indexes will increase, with greater impact on vertical indicators. With the increasing number of deteriorated elastic cushions of fasteners, lateral indexes suffer an adverse effect, when 9 fasteners are continuously deteriorated, the lateral force increases by 21.3% compared with the deterioration of the elastic cushion of one group of fasteners. The deterioration of elastic cushion of fastener has the most significant effect on the dynamic characteristics of train-turnout system of vehicle crossing the turnout at 250km/h. The vibration acceleration of axle box is sensitive to the deterioration of elastic cushion of fastener and can reflect the deterioration of elastic cushion of fastener to a certain extent. Research results can provide theoretical guidance for the stiffness optimization and maintenance of the turnout.

导出引用

侯明扬1,2，徐井芒1,2，王平1,2，闫正1,2，马前涛1,2. 扣件弹性垫层劣化对高速列车-道岔系统动力特性的影响[J]. 振动与冲击, 2023, 42(21): 101-109

HOU Mingyang1,2, XU Jingmang1,2, WANG Ping1,2, YAN Zheng1,2, MA Qiantao1,2. Effects of fastener elastic cushion deterioration on dynamic characteristics of high-speed train-turnout system[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2023, 42(21): 101-109

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