针对地铁列车引起的环境振动问题，本文基于局域共振机理提出了一种具有拉压-扭转特性的手性超结构隔振器，并建立振动传递特性有限元模型与车辆—轨道—基底耦合动力学数值模型，从频响特征与动力响应的角度研究了使用手性超结构隔振器浮置板轨道系统的减振性能，进而研究浮置板垂向位移减小情况。结果表明：手性超结构隔振器的等效垂向刚度主要受支撑杆控制；衰减域的起始频率受软材料包覆层的影响；手性超结构隔振器浮置板轨道在保留钢弹簧浮置板轨道原有减振效果的同时，还增加了对特定频段振动传递的衰减效果，但在衰减域外产生了一个共振峰，通过在结构中设置阻尼可以减小共振峰的影响；手性超结构隔振器浮置板轨道系统可以更有效地控制地铁列车荷载激励所引起的浮置板垂向位移，其对位移的减小效果可达11.5%。
Abstract
To address the environmental vibration problem caused by subway trains, this paper proposes a chiral superstructure vibration isolator structure with tensile-torsional characteristics based on the local resonance mechanism, and establishes a finite element model of vibration transmission characteristics and a mathematical model of vehicle-track-substrate coupling dynamics, and investigates the vibration reduction performance of the chiral superstructure vibration isolator floating slab track system from the perspective of frequency response characteristics and dynamic response. The vibration damping performance of the floating slab track system using the chiral superstructure vibration isolator is investigated from the perspective of frequency response characteristics and dynamic response, and then the reduction of the vertical displacement of the floating slab is studied. The results show that: the equivalent vertical stiffness of the chiral superstructure vibration isolator is mainly controlled by the support rod; the onset frequency of the decay domain is influenced by the soft material cladding; the chiral superstructure vibration isolator floating slab track retains the original damping effect of the steel spring floating slab track while increasing the attenuation effect of vibration transmission in specific frequency bands, but a resonance peak is generated outside the decay domain, and the effect of the resonance peak can be reduced by setting damping in the structure; the chiral superstructure vibration isolator floating slab track system has a resonance peak. The effect of the resonance peak can be reduced by setting damping in the structure; the chiral superstructure vibration isolator floating slab track system can effectively control the vertical displacement of the floating slab caused by the subway train load excitation, compared with the steel spring floating slab more, its effect on the displacement reduction can reach 11.5%.
关键词
手性超结构隔振器 /
环境振动 /
局域共振 /
浮置板轨道 /
振动衰减
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Key words
chiral superstructure isolator /
environmental vibration /
local resonance /
floating slab track /
vibration damping
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