船用柴油机排放尾气中的固体颗粒会对可变混流涡轮造成冲蚀磨损，导致喷嘴环表面材质剥落，表面粗糙度增加，降低喷嘴环使用寿命。本研究利用ANSYS CFX软件，基于气固两相流的欧拉-拉格朗日法和Finnie磨损模型，研究不同开度下，磨损产生的表面粗糙度对喷嘴环流场、静压和涡轮性能的影响。研究表明：喷嘴环吸力面和压力面两侧的流动边界层厚度、静熵、湍流动能和表面摩擦系数均随粗糙度的增大而增大，导致边界层附近的流动损失增大、气体内能增加、能量耗散增大；喷嘴环两侧的静压差随粗糙度的增大而增大，使得喷嘴环结构载荷增大，可能会降低喷嘴环使用寿命；随着表面粗糙度增大，涡轮效率随之降低，但降低速率却有所减小，对不同开度的影响程度也不同。
Abstract
Solid particles in the exhaust gas of a marine diesel engine can cause erosive wear on a variable-mix turbine, resulting in material spalling from the nozzle ring surface, increased surface roughness, and reduced nozzle ring service life. In this study, ANSYS CFX software is used to investigate the effects of surface roughness from wear on the nozzle ring flow field, static pressure and turbine performance under different openings based on Euler-Lagrange method and Finnie wear model for gas-solid two-phase flow. The study shows that: the thickness of the flow boundary layer, static entropy, turbulent kinetic energy and surface friction coefficient on both sides of the nozzle ring suction and pressure surfaces increase with increasing roughness, resulting in increased flow loss near the boundary layer, increased gas internal energy and increased energy dissipation; the static pressure difference between the two sides of the nozzle ring increases with increasing roughness, which makes the nozzle ring structure load increase and may reduce the nozzle ring life; with the surface roughness increases, the turbine efficiency decreases, but the rate of reduction is reduced, the degree of impact on the different degrees of opening is also different.
关键词
可变混流涡轮喷嘴环 /
尾气颗粒 /
冲蚀磨损 /
表面粗糙度 /
数值仿真
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Key words
Variable mixed flow turbine nozzle ring /
Exhaust particles /
Erosion wear /
Surface roughness /
Numerical simulation
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