悬吊式调谐质量阻尼器原理明确、安装简便,已在高层建筑、高耸输电塔等众多结构中得到了广泛应用,近年来在钢制风力机塔筒方面也逐步得到广泛关注。预应力调谐质量阻尼器(PS-TMD)通过附加下拉索并施加预拉力,可采用摆长和预拉力两个参数进行振动控制调谐,在高柔钢制风力机塔架振动控制中能充分发挥作用。但PS-TMD中拉索变形会引起非线性响应,进而影响控制性能。鉴于此,基于动力学原理建立考虑柔索效应的PS-TMD非线性运动方程,推导了拉索发生变形情况下PS-TMD动力系数及分支共振点频率比;通过优化分析给出了PS-TMD最佳调谐参数的选择方法;某3.2MW风力机塔筒数值算例结果表明,考虑柔索效应后PS-TMD的动力系数幅值小于同参数下线性PS-TMD,共振响应下减振性能和能量耗散能力更为突出。五组风载荷下振动控制结果表明,考虑柔索效应后PS-TMD对塔架结构的风致响应振动控制效果优于相应线性PS-TMD系统。
Abstract
Since the specific mechanism and convenient installation, the pendulum tuned mass damper (PTMD) has been widely used in various structures such as high-rise building and transmission tower. In recent years, PTMD has gradually been payed attention in the vibration control of steel wind turbine tower. The prestressed tuned mass damper (PS-TMD) exerts the prestressed tensile force by adding the additional cables, and it can doubly tune the vibration control by pendulum length and tensile force, thus PS-TMD has played an important role in vibration control for the steel wind turbine tower. However, it is worth noticing that the cable deformation effect in PS-TMD would trigger the nonlinearity response, and it will affect the vibration control performance of the system. Consequently, based on the structural dynamics theory, the nonlinear motion equation considering the flexible cable effect was established, and the dynamic coefficient and branch resonance point frequency ratio of PS-TMD were derived. Through the optimization analysis, the design method of optimal tuning parameters was presented in terms of theoretical analysis. Then, numerical results from a 3.2 MW wind turbine showed that the dynamic coefficient amplitude considering the flexible cable deformation effect was smaller than linear PS-TMD under the same condition, and the vibration attenuation performance and energy dissipation ability of resonance response were more prominent than linear system. Finally, the vibration control results under five groups of wind loads indicated that the vibration control performance considering the flexible cable deformation effect is better than that of the linear PS-TMD system.
关键词
钢制风力机塔架 /
预应力调谐质量阻尼器 /
振动控制 /
拉索柔性变形 /
非线性
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Key words
Steel wind turbine tower /
Prestressed tuned mass damper /
Vibration control /
Flexible cable deformation /
nonlinear
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