铺层结构和成型工艺是影响超高分子量聚乙烯（Ultra-high molecular weight Polyethyene，UHMWPE）纤维复合材料弹道防护性能的重要因素，为了评估各因素对UHMWPE纤维复合材料防弹性能的影响程度，基于正交试验设计建立了铺层角度以及包括温度、压强、时间三个热压成型工艺条件下的四因素三水平正交表并进行了9组弹道极限试验。通过对试验结果进行极差和方差分析表明，各试验因素对弹道防护影响程度由大到小依次为铺层角度、成型时间、成型压强和成型温度；此外，研究发现[(0°/90°)2]2n和[(-45°/+45°)2]2n铺层复合材料弹道冲击吸能体现为多破坏模式协同耗能，而[(0°/90°)2/(-45°/+45°)2]n准各向铺层复合材料的弹道冲击吸能体现为单一破坏模式耗能；最后综合考虑防弹性能和成本确定的最优组合为成型温度120℃、压强25MPa、时间20min，铺层角度[(0°/90°)2]2n。
Abstract
The ply scheme and molding process are important factors affecting the ballistic protection performance of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber composites. In order to evaluate influences of the factors on the bulletproof performance of UHMWPE fiber composites, a four-factor and three-level orthogonal table of ply orientation angle and three hot pressing process conditions including temperature, pressure, time was established based on the orthogonal test design, and 9 groups of ballistic limit experiments were carried out. The range and variance analysis of the experiment results show that the effect sequences of experimental factors on ballistic protection from strength to weakness were as follows: ply orientation angle, molding time, molding pressure and molding temperature. In addition, it is found that the ballistic impact energy absorption of [(0°/90°)2]2n and [(-45°/+45°)2]2n laminated composites was reflected in the cooperative energy consumption of multiple failure modes, while the ballistic impact energy absorption of [(0°/90°)2/(-45°/+45°)2]n quasi isotropic laminated composites was reflected in the energy consumption of single failure mode. Finally, considering the bulletproof performance and cost, the optimal combination was determined as follows: forming temperature of 120 ℃, pressure of 25MPa, time of 20min and ply angle of [(0°/90°)2]2n.
关键词
UHMWPE纤维 /
防弹复合材料 /
正交试验 /
铺层角度 /
热压成型工艺 /
弹道极限速度
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Key words
UHMWPE fiber /
Bulletproof composite, Orthogonal experimental, Ply orientation angle, Hot pressing process, Ballistic limit velocity
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