针对超声波测风中由于噪声影响收发时刻点不易确定导致测量精度不高的问题，提出了一种基于超声波相位翻转的风速风向测量方法。所提方法采用依据相对时差法的对射式阵列测风结构，通过改变超声波发射信号的相位，即在某一时刻使得超声波信号发生相位翻转标记为超声波发射信号时刻点，随后采用锁定放大器对接收的超声波信号进行处理，利用相敏检波器对相位的敏感特性以及对噪声较强的抑制能力，可准确地获得超声波接收信号相位翻转之处，并将其标记为接收信号时刻点。最后通过测量两个时刻点之间的超声波传播时间计算得到风速分量，进而可得实际的风速风向值。通过模拟仿真实验和实测数据验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性，实验结果表明所提方法在高斯噪声或与非高斯冲击噪声混合背景下均具有良好的测量性能，与阵列式测风法及相关法相比具有更高的测量精度。
Abstract
Due to the existence of the noise in the ultrasonic wind measurement system, it is difficult to determine the sending and receiving time point of ultrasonic, and then the wind measuring accuracy is affected. To solve this problem, a wind speed and direction measurement method based on phase inversion of ultrasonic signal is proposed. In this method, the wind measurement structure with orthogonal mutually transmitting ultrasonic sensors, which is based on the relative time difference method, is adopted. The ultrasonic transmitting signal is inverted in phase at a certain time, remember this moment for the ultrasonic transmitting time point. Then a lock-in amplifier is used to deal with the ultrasonic received signal, where the phase sensitive detector is sensitive to phase change and has good performance in noise suppression, on that account, the phase inversion point of the ultrasonic received signal can be accurately obtained, mark it as the ultrasonic received time point. Finally, the wind speed is calculated by measuring the ultrasonic transmission time between the two time points, and then the actual wind speed and direction is obtained. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified by numerical simulation experiments and actual measured data. Experimental results show that the proposed method has good measuring performance in the existence of Gaussian noise or mixed with non-Gaussian impulse noise, and has higher measuring accuracy than array wind measurement method and correlation method.
关键词
超声波测风 /
相位翻转 /
相敏检波 /
冲击噪声
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Key words
wind measurement with ultrasonic sensor /
phase inversion /
phase sensitive detection /
impulse noise
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