For the vortex-induced vibration of long-span bridge, the main achievements of theoretical analysis, wind tunnel test, field measurement and numerical simulation are comprehensively reviewed in this study. The primary influential factors of vortex-induced vibration are also analyzed and the vortex-induced vibration characteristics of major components, such as girder, pylon, cable and arch rib, are summarized in detail. Furthermore, the vibration suppression measures which enhance the on-set wind velocity and limit the amplitude of the vibration are presented. In the end, for the vortex-induced vibration of long-span bridge, the conclusions and recommendations for future emphasis and directions are addressed.