28 September 2026, Volume 45 Issue 18
    

  • Select all
    |
    VIBRATION THEORY AND INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
  • MAO Xiaoye, ZHU Junjie, DING Hu
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 1-8.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    For solving the steady-state response of nonlinear energy sink (NES) systems, a hybrid computational strategy integrating particle swarm optimization (PSO) with the harmonic balance method (HBM) was proposed.In the approach, the solution of dynamic equations was transformed into a parameter optimization problem, leveraging PSO to perform a global search for undetermined coefficients in the harmonic balance equations, thereby effectively overcoming the limitations of conventional methods that rely on local iteration and struggle with convergence under strong nonlinearities.Taking a two-degree-of-freedom system with a cubic stiffness NES as an example, the effectiveness and accuracy of the method were verified.In the condition of various nonlinear coefficients, the displacement response amplitude closely aligns with the results from the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method, and the amplitude-frequency curves demonstrate excellent agreement with the solutions obtained by the ode45 solver.The introduction of parallel computing significantly enhances the efficiency of multi-frequency point scanning.The study demonstrates that the proposed PSO-HBM  algorithm exhibits global convergence, robustness, and high computational efficiency, offering a high-precision and versatile numerical tool for steady-state response analysis, parameter optimization, and vibration control design in multi-degree-of-freedom strongly nonlinear systems.
  • LIN Xiqi, GUI Xianhong, QIN Yangdong, WANG Lingzhi, NIE Xiaochun, YAN Zhitao
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 9-19.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The nonlinear energy sink (NES) is a broadband and efficient passive vibration control device.The dynamic model of a two-degree-of-freedom NES with nonlinear damping effects coupled to a primary structure with nonlinear stiffness was established.The approximate analytical solutions of the system were derived using the complexification-averaging method (CAM) and the incremental harmonic balance method (IHBM), respectively, and the system stability was determined according to the eigenvalues of the Jacobian matrix.Two approximate analytical solutions were verified by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta numerical method, and the sources of the errors were analyzed.The effects of the nonlinear parameters of the first- and second-stage NES oscillators on the vibration response of the primary structure were systematically investigated.The results show that when the oscillators in the system undergo a fundamental periodic motion, the approximate analytical solutions obtained by both methods agree well with the numerical solutions.When superharmonic motion occurs or frequency multiplication effects are induced by nonlinearities, the approximate solutions obtained by CAM show relatively large deviations from the numerical solutions.CAM can accurately predict the approximate solution of the first-stage NES in the saddle-node bifurcation region, but exhibits large errors in the second-stage NES in this region.In contrast, IHBM combined with the arc-length continuation algorithm can accurately solve the approximate solutions of both the first- and second-stage NES oscillators in the saddle-node bifurcation region.In addition, variations in the nonlinear parameters of the first- and second-stage NES oscillators affect the bifurcation interval and peak response of the frequency-amplitude response of the primary structure, but their sensitivities are significantly different.Among them, the nonlinear damping parameter of the first-stage NES has the most significant influence, followed by that of the second-stage NES, whereas the nonlinear stiffness parameters of the first- and second-stage NESs have relatively weak effects.
  • LI Qifei1, 2, FENG Chenchen1, LI Guangxian3, YE Xiaolong1, LI Ling4
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 20-29.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    To enhance the operational stability of pump-turbines under low-flow conditions, the influence of five different modified guide vane arrangement methods on the internal flow field and the radial force of the runner in pump-turbines were investigated.Through a comprehensive analysis of the streamlines, turbulent kinetic energy, pressure distribution on the S1 flow surface, and the flow pattern in the draft tube, the optimization effect of the modified guide vanes was analyzed.The research indicates that the guide vane arrangement method is one of the key factors in optimizing the performance of the unit.Overall, as the number of modified guide vanes increases and their distribution becomes more uniform, the internal flow field is improved.The vortex intensity, turbulent kinetic energy, and non-uniform pressure distribution in the S1 flow surface and the draft tube are all effectively improved, and the flow tends to be stable.The radial force of the runner changes nonlinearly with the increase in the number of modified guide vanes, first increasing and then decreasing.The mechanism lies in the fact that the water flow direction during the partial replacement stage leads to flow pattern disorder.After full replacement, the water flow is uniformly guided, and the flow field stability is optimal.In general, a reasonable arrangement of modified guide vanes (such as Scheme 5) can effectively optimize the internal flow field in the pump-turbine, enhance the flow stability, and reduce the radial force of the runner.
  • KANG Shipeng, WANG Tianyi, QI Pengfei, HAN Han, JIANG Tao
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 30-38.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    In response to the problem of insufficient pre-tension of the clamp band device (CBD) and connection failure caused by the lack of quantification of the calculation principle of strap pre-tension in NASA's clamp band device design guidelines. A method was proposed to calculate the normal force between the separation interface of satellite docking frame and launch vehicle docking frame. An expression of normal force was established, which relates to pre-tension, equivalent axial tensile load and relative connection stiffness of the clamp band device. Based on the simulation calculation results, a calculation method for the relative connection stiffness of the clamp band device was proposed. Further research revealed that increasing the stiffness of the band structure and ensuring a circumferential coverage of the clamp block (not less than 75%) helps ensure reliable connection at the satellite-launch vehicle separation interface. These findings can be applied to guide clamp band device structural design and enhance the reliability of aerospace engineering applications.
  • ZHENG Guoyu1, CHENG Cheng2, SUN Yifeng1, 2
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 39-49.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The severe pressure fluctuations caused by cavity self-sustained oscillations affect flight safety and comfort, posing numerous challenges in aerospace applications and design. For the semi-open irregular cavities, a direct numerical simulation method is used to numerically simulate the cavity flow at a Mach number of 0.8 and a Reynolds number of 2500. The influence of partial coverage of the cavity opening on the flow is compared and analyzed. The results show that the partial coverage at the leading edge does not change the overall flow pattern and dominant flow modes, but the amplitude of the shedding vortex increases, and the radiation intensity to the farfield is enhanced. For the configuration with partial coverage at the trailing edge, the main vortex moves upward out of the cavity, causing the dominant mode to shift to a lower order. Furthermore, the generation and development speed of the shear layer is significantly increased, and the radiation intensity to the farfield is the highest. The frequencies of these two partially covered cavities at the same mode are close, and both are shifted to lower frequencies compared to the baseline configuration. They match well with the predictions of the modified Rossiter formula considering the extended feedback path. In addition, modal analysis was performed using spectral proper orthogonal decomposition, and the results show that there are energy-rich structures beneath the cover plate, indicating that the propagation of sound waves in this region is an important part of the cavity self-feedback loop. 
  • GAO Dabing, ZHAO Bin
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 50-59.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    This paper develops a Legendre polynomial–based analytical method for studying axisymmetric vibrations of laminated spherical shells. By abandoning the assumptions of straight normals and constant thickness adopted in classical shell theory and first-order shear deformation theory, the method directly constructs a state-space formulation for free vibration from the elastic dynamic equations. The governing equations are then simplified via variable separation using generalized Fourier expansion in terms of Legendre series, and a laminated asymptotic model is introduced to enable layer-wise recursive solution, ultimately yielding the frequency equation for free vibration. The results show that the vibration frequencies and mode shapes of axisymmetric spherical shells depend on the order of the Legendre polynomials, and the solution converges rapidly as the number of layers in the asymptotic model increases. Validation through two representative numerical examples demonstrates that the proposed method achieves high accuracy with low computational cost compared to finite element analysis. Moreover, unlike classical shell theory and first-order shear deformation theory, the present approach can effectively capture vibration behaviors along the radial direction and is not restricted by the thickness-to-radius ratio.
  • ZHANG Qinghua1, YUAN Haolin1, JIA Gaoxiang2, GAO Hui1, ZHAI Yanlei2, CAO Lübing2, WANG Zhihao1
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 60-67.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    To investigate the influence of different support configurations on the flutter stability of flat single-axis photovoltaic tracking systems, a flat single-axis photovoltaic tracking system from a water–solar–pastoral complementary photovoltaic power station in Ganzi was selected as the research object. A finite-element full-modal frequency-domain analysis method was employed to systematically examine the effects of three common support configurations—diagonal bracing between purlins and the rotation shaft, diagonal bracing between columns and the ground, and transverse connections between columns—on the structure’s critical flutter wind speed. Based on a defined stability improvement efficiency index, the enhancement effects of different support schemes were comprehensively compared. The results indicate that the purlin–shaft diagonal bracing and column–ground diagonal bracing primarily improve local stiffness, yielding limited enhancement of overall flutter stability. In contrast, transverse full connections near the tops of the columns significantly strengthen the global cooperative behavior of the structure, resulting in a maximum increase of the critical flutter wind speed by 45.80% and the highest stability improvement efficiency. These findings provide theoretical guidance for the wind-resistant stability design and structural layout optimization of flat single-axis photovoltaic tracking systems.
  • LIU Siqi, LI Hongnan, FU Xing
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 68-77.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    To systematically evaluate the wind resistance performance and failure risk of double-layer flexible photovoltaic (PV) support structures under wind load, a wind-induced fragility assessment framework considering multiple uncertainties was proposed. A 500 MW agricultural (fishery) complementary PV power generation project is selected as the case study. A refined finite element model is developed using ANSYS, and fluctuating wind speed time histories are generated via the harmonic superposition method. By combining this with Latin hypercube sampling, 100 sets of stochastic wind-structure scenarios are created to support nonlinear dynamic time-history analysis. The maximum stress ratio of critical components is employed as the engineering demand parameter to establish a probabilistic demand model. Fragility curves are then derived under different wind directions and wind spectral models to evaluate the failure probability. In addition, parametric sensitivity analysis is conducted to identify the influence of key design variables on structural fragility. The results indicate that in the double-layer layout, the steel braces represent the most vulnerable component. The 180° wind attack angle is identified as the most unfavorable condition, under which the critical failure wind speed is 47.5% lower than that under the 45° angle. The typhoon spectrum, characterized by concentrated low-frequency energy, delivers greater energy input into the sensitive frequency range of the structure, significantly amplifying dynamic response and reducing wind resistance. Furthermore, the damping ratio and yield strength of steel are found to be key parameters dominating structural fragility. The research findings can provide a theoretical basis for performance-based wind-resistant design of double-layer flexible PV support structures.
  • SHI Zhenyu1, SHAO Xufeng1, DUAN Ningmin1, SHI Wentian2, SUN Yan3, ZHAO Libin1
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 78-87.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    To address the issue of data imbalance caused by the gradual nature of milling cutter wear, a model-driven milling cutter wear state monitoring method based on twin data is proposed. Firstly, a gated recurrent unit was embedded into the auto-encoder to build a gated auto-encoder, effectively alleviating the data imbalance problem by generating twin data. Secondly, a serial attention module combining channel attention and spatial attention was introduced to achieve deep feature extraction from multi-sensor data via weighted fusion. Finally, a feature constraint layer was incorporated into the overall optimization objective to achieve distribution alignment between the twin features and the measured features. The results show that twin data reliability analysis confirms the high fidelity of data generated by gated auto-encoder. Ablation and comparative experiments show that under imbalanced data, the proposed method still achieves an accuracy of 95.28%, outperforming other comparison methods.
  • HU Rui, CHEN Yi, LIU Xiaochuan, ZHANG Fei
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 88-95.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Based on the principle of energy equivalence, the free drop test method (reduced-mass method) and the simulated airborne drop test method (simulated airborne method) employed in landing gear drop tests are equivalent. However, from the perspective of realistically simulating the physical process, the simulated airborne method, which accounts for aircraft lift simulation, more closely approximates the actual landing process of the landing gear. Addressing the issues of insufficient lift loading accuracy and work quantity error control in existing simulated airborne drop tests, this paper conducts an in-depth study of the key factors affecting the accuracy of simulated lift loading. Through theoretical analysis and experimental comparison, it reveals the influence mechanism of the moving component mass and contact stiffness of the simulated lift cylinder on the dynamic response characteristics of the simulated lift. An optimization criterion for the simulated lift cylinder is established, favoring lightweight moving components and high contact stiffness. A test method involving the advance application of the simulated lift to avoid load peaks is proposed, and a simplified engineering calculation model relating the lead time of the simulated lift application to the drop height is established. The definitions and error evaluation system for various work quantities in the simulated airborne drop test are redefined. Experimental verification was performed on a certain strut-type landing gear, achieving a technical target where both lift loading accuracy and all work quantity errors were less than 3%, significantly enhancing test precision. 
  • FENG Jun1, 2, LIU Jing1
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 96-102.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    This study investigates the dynamic characteristics of a marine air compressor unit under various operating conditions by employing a co-simulation technique integrating Adams and Ansys Workbench. The research focuses on analyzing the effects of different rotational directions and speeds on the unit's exciting force and vibration response. The results indicate that at 1350 r/min, the peak exciting force transmitted to the ship's deck is maximum during co-rotation and minimum during counter-rotation, revealing the significant influence of rotational direction on force transmission. Concurrently, a prominent peak in the vibration acceleration level appears near 270 Hz, with the highest value observed under co-rotation at the same speed. Furthermore, it was found that under counter-rotation, the comprehensive exciting force on the deck increases with rotational speed, while the corresponding peak vibration acceleration level shows a relatively smaller change. Spectral analysis further demonstrates that the vibration energy of the compressor unit is primarily concentrated at the fundamental, second, and third harmonics of its rotational frequency. This study provides crucial data and a theoretical basis for the structural optimization, vibration control, and anti-shock design of marine air compressor units.
  • GUO Ruijun1, ZHOU Kaishuo1, SHANG Lixiang2, WANG Wanxiang1
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 103-110.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Rail joints represent a critical weak point in tramway operations, being highly susceptible to damage that compromises both vehicle safety and passenger comfort. Traditional inspection methods such as ultrasonic testing, machine vision, and manual maintenance suffer from low efficiency, strong environmental dependency, and high costs. This paper proposes a rail joint damage identification method integrating VMD optimized by the Subtraction-Average-Based Optimizer (SABO) and SE-CNN. First, the SABO algorithm optimizes VMD parameters to adaptively decompose vibration signals. Noise reduction and reconstruction are achieved through correlation filtering, enhancing signal quality. Subsequently, the reconstructed signal is converted into a two-dimensional time-frequency map using continuous wavelet transform. This map is input into a convolutional neural network embedded with a SE module, enabling adaptive extraction and classification of damage features. Validation with real-world data demonstrates that this method accurately identifies rail joint damage even in high-noise environments, achieving a classification accuracy of 91.1% on the test set. Its overall performance surpasses support vector machines (SVM), traditional CNNs, and other modified models.
  • SHOCK AND EXPLOSION
  • WANG Lei1, LI Weili1, 2, CHEN Lipeng1, LIU Huaiqian1, LI Bin1, LIU Jiang1
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 111-124.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    To elucidate the influence of gas pressure on the impact dynamic behaviour and damage evolution of coal, impact loading tests were conducted under varying gas pressures using a self-developed gas-bearing coal–rock combined static–dynamic loading system. The dynamic mechanical parameters and energy evolution characteristics of coal were systematically analysed. Failure modes during impact were captured using high-speed imaging, and a comparative investigation of dynamic damage evolution was performed through numerical simulations based on ANSYS/LS-DYNA. The results indicate that: (1) increasing gas pressure markedly weakens the mechanical response of coal under impact loading, with both strength and elastic modulus decreasing under static and dynamic conditions, and with more pronounced reductions under dynamic loading; (2) under the condition that the incident energy remains essentially constant, as the gas pressure increases from 0 to 1.5 MPa, the reflected energy increases while the dissipated energy decreases. The dissipated energy density and energy utilisation rate decrease by 51.16% and 15.73%, respectively, indicating a pronounced reduction in the coal’s capacity to absorb and convert impact energy. (3) the impact-induced failure pattern of coal progressively transitions from predominantly axial splitting to a combined splitting–delamination mode as gas pressure increases, accompanied by earlier crack initiation, accelerated crack propagation, rapid coalescence of multiple fractures, and local pulverisation at high gas pressures; and (4) numerical simulations based on the Johnson-Holmquist-Cook constitutive model effectively reproduce the stress evolution and failure processes of gas-bearing coal under impact loading, showing good agreement with experimental observations and thereby confirming the applicability of the proposed model and parameter set. These findings provide a theoretical basis for understanding the impact failure mechanisms of gas-bearing coal and for assessing dynamic hazard risks.
  • GE Zhaolong1, 2, CUI Jinming1, 2, GE Binbin1, 2, ZHANG Hongwei1, 2, SHANGGUAN Jianming1, 2, CHEN Xuanyi1, 2, LU Changzheng1, 2
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 125-135.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    To enhance Radial Jet Drilling (RJD) efficiency in unconventional natural gas development like Coalbed Methane (CBM), the influence of Polyacrylamide (PAM) as a viscoelastic additive on high-pressure water jet rock-breaking performance and damage mechanisms was investigated. Rheological properties and jet flow morphology of PAM working fluids with various concentrations were analyzed. Sandstone erosion experiments were conducted at different target distances. Additionally, rock-breaking performance and microscopic damage mechanisms were systematically analyzed using a three-dimensional optical scanner and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results show that PAM working fluids exhibit typical viscoelastic and shear-thinning behaviors. Adding the optimal PAM concentration (0.10%) improves jet coherence and stability by suppressing atomization and divergence. However, excessive concentration (0.15%) triggers elastic instability. Rock-breaking experiments confirm that PAM addition substantially enhances erosion capability. At the optimal 0.10% concentration and 200 d target distance, erosion depth increases by 77.2% compared with pure water jets. Regarding borehole quality, 0.10% PAM jets yield smooth and regular erosion craters. The Joint Roughness Coefficient (JRC) at 10 d target distance is 4.07, far lower than that for pure water jets (17.06), indicating superior borehole wall stability. The damage mechanism of PAM-enhanced water jets impacting sandstone is revealed. Pure water jets primarily cause intergranular erosion along grain boundaries. In contrast, PAM-enhanced jets induce transgranular fracture and combined compression-shear failure using concentrated impact forces and strong shear effects. These findings validate the rock-breaking capability of PAM-enhanced water jets, providing a theoretical basis for optimizing RJD technology application in deep CBM extraction.
  • GAO Ming, LIU Yanhui, WU Yuan, YANG Yang
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 136-148.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Through the drop hammer impact test and finite element analysis, the critical cracking state of concrete filled steel tubular ( CFST ) members under lateral impact is studied, and the energy dissipation mechanism and deflection development law are revealed. The concept of energy dissipation stiffness is defined as the energy absorbed by the member under the unit deflection before cracking, which is used to characterize the impact resistance of the member. The results show that the energy dissipation-deflection curve of concrete filled steel tubular members under lateral impact shows a significant linear relationship before cracking, and the slope of the linear stage is the energy dissipation stiffness. Increasing the steel ratio and the strength of the steel tube can significantly increase the energy dissipation stiffness of the component, thereby effectively reducing the critical cracking deflection and the maximum impact deflection. Based on the parameter analysis, a prediction model of critical cracking deflection and critical cracking energy dissipation characterized by energy dissipation stiffness is established. A simplified calculation formula for the maximum deflection when the impact energy is less than the critical value is proposed. The model provides a new method for evaluating the impact resistance of concrete filled steel tubular members.
  • PAN Jian1, 2, ZHANG Lei1, 2, YU Rui1, 2, FENG Xuelei1, 2, WANG Yongxu3
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 149-155.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Based on the secondary detonation type cloud explosive warhead, simulate the morphological evolution process of the central charge scattering cloud cluster by finite element software. Under the condition that the charge type, shell structure and detonation mode remain unchanged, numerical simulation of cloud morphology is conducted for warheads with three charge structures: cylindrical, sector and square. The cloud dispersion radii of the three structural warheads within 0~6 ms are compared experimentally, and the maximum errors between experimental results and simulation calculation values are 4.3%, 7.0% and 9.1%, respectively. Based on the simulation model verified by experimental data, the variation law of cloud radius of the three charge structures is quantitatively analyzed, and the time-dependent prediction models of cloud radius for the three charge structures are established respectively. The research results can provide theoretical guidance and data support for the design of warheads.
  • GOU Xiangfeng1, 2, TAN Haoxiang1, ZHU Lingyun1, 2, LIU Chang1, 2, LIANG Dong1, 2, CHAI Changyin3, GUAN Yanfa1
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 156-166.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The vibration and noise in the spur gear transmission system are intensified by the impact between meshing teeth. An impact stage is divided into compression impact and recovery impact at the moment of a tooth mesh-in and mesh-out. The calculation model of the impact between meshing teeth is constructed after obtaining the impact time and impact force accurately based on the energy method. The characteristics and differences of tooth impact among increasing speed gearing, decreasing speed gearing, and different gear parameters are compared and investigated according to numerical calculation results. An experimental verification method of impact between meshing teeth is proposed by measuring tooth surface contact temperature based on Seebeck effect because of the synchronous time-varying coupling relationship between tooth surface contact temperature and dynamic meshing force. The tooth surface contact temperature is measured under different operating conditions of increasing speed gearing and decreasing speed gearing using our independently developed test rig. It is shown that the calculation method for tooth impact is accurate, and the verification experimental measurement method is sensitive and effective by comparing the measured tooth surface contact temperature with the calculated ones with and without impact. It provides a reliable basis for predicting the impact and temperature field of tooth surfaces, and the research methods and results can be extended to other forms of gear transmission systems.
  • ZHANG Juxiang1, 2, WANG Hui3, ZHANG Yuanxiazhi1, 2, WANG Xin4, XU Xianghong2, WEI Zheng1
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 167-178.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    To address the challenge of efficiently removing ice from the catenary of electrified railways, this study established a finite element model of a single-span iced contact wire based on the LS-DYNA explicit dynamic method and systematically investigated the influence mechanism of the impact load amplitude on the elastic wave propagation characteristics and the ice layer failure mechanism. Existing research has predominantly focused on the transverse wave-dominated de-icing process, with insufficient elucidation of the physical mechanisms underlying the role of longitudinal waves and the influence of load amplitude. Therefore, by varying the amplitude of the impact load, this paper analyzes the evolution patterns of elastic wave components, propagation behavior, and ice failure modes. The results indicate that the amplitude of the impact load significantly affects the de-icing mode. Under low loads, de-icing is primarily dominated by the bending stress generated by transverse waves, resulting in localized failure of the ice layer along the wave propagation path. Under high loads, longitudinal waves—leveraging their high-speed propagation and the stress multiplication effect caused by reflection at hinged boundaries—can achieve full-span de-icing exceeding 80%, though this is accompanied by a significant increase in the dynamic tension and uplift amplitude of the contact wire. Under medium loads, a synergistic effect between transverse and longitudinal waves is effectively activated. This creates a highly efficient, composite de-icing mechanism characterized by initial large-scale ice shedding driven by longitudinal waves, followed by relay clearance achieved through the coupling interference among residual longitudinal waves, main transverse waves, and their dispersive components. The study further reveals that employing medium-amplitude impact loads achieves a high de-icing rate while controlling the dynamic response of the contact wire at a relatively low level, thereby realizing an optimal balance between de-icing efficiency and structural safety. The findings of this study systematically clarify the physical mechanism through which load amplitude influences de-icing, providing a theoretical basis for optimizing load parameters and selecting de-icing modes for impact-based de-icing equipment.
  • LI Chenbo1, LI Tian’e1, MA Ruiqiang2, HAO Liwei3
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 179-188.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The membrane structures are susceptible to impact loads such as hail in practical applications, which can compromise their load-bearing capacity. To clarify the influence of impact loads on the load-bearing performance of membrane structures, a study on their dynamic behavior under impact loading was conducted based on drop-weight tests and numerical simulation methods. The experiments employed DIC high-speed cameras and related equipment to measure full-field displacements and validate the accuracy of the numerical simulation model. The variation law of absorbed energy during the impact process is elucidated, and the effects of impact velocity, pre-stress, impact angle, and multiple impacts on the dynamic performance of the fabric membrane are investigated, along with an analysis of the spatiotemporal evolution patterns of plastic strain and displacement. The results indicate that under secondary impacts, both the displacement of the fabric membrane structure at measurement points and the time to reach peak displacement exhibit a decreasing trend. At higher pre-stress levels, geometric nonlinearity begins to dominate the mechanical response of the fabric membrane. As the impact angle relative to the membrane surface increases, the dynamic response of the membrane becomes more pronounced. With an increasing number of impacts, the plastic strain of the membrane accumulates gradually until the material's plastic deformation capacity is essentially exhausted. These findings provide a theoretical reference for the impact resistance design of fabric membrane structures in practical engineering.
  • CIVIL ENGINEERING
  • CHEN Zhaorong1, 2, WU Jiurong1, FU Jiyang1, PENG Shuili3, ZHANG Honghui1, LIAO Xiaoxiong4, LIANG Yizun5, ZHANG Jianjun6, LIANG Yongfeng2, ZHENG Qingxing6
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 189-198.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Based on the Bateman–Luke variational principle, a multi-dimensional modal theory is adopted to investigate  the liquid nonlinear sloshing of a tuned liquid damper (TLD) system with built-in paddles. By considering both the viscous damping of water and the nonlinear damping effects induced by the built-in paddles, the nonlinear ordinary differential equations governing the first three liquid sloshing of TLD system are derived. Taking a super tall building in Shenzhen as a case study, the nonlinear liquid sloshing model is coupled with the multi-degree-of-freedom model of the main structure, resulting in a set of differential equations for the nonlinear dynamic response analysis of the TLD–structure coupled system. Various models describing the nonlinear liquid sloshing of the TLD system are employed to compare their effectiveness in controlling wind-induced acceleration response of the main structure under the wind loading with 10-year return period at wind direction of 100°. The results indicate that the multi-dimensional modal theory could effectively describe the nonlinear liqid sloshing behavior in the TLD system with built-in paddeles. By adopting the one-direction liquid nonlinear sloshing with three sloshing modes, the wind vibration reduction efficiency for acceleration response could attain 26.50% in the X-direction and 19.56% in the Y-direction, showing slightly better performance than that obtained from the one-direction nonlinear model with the first sloshing mode. The bidirectional liquid nonlinear sloshing model with the first sloshing mode can achieve the wind vibration reduction efficiencies with 28.80% in the X-direction and 20.22% in the Y-direction, which are 3.01% and 0.97% higher, respectively, than those obtained from  the one-direction nonlinear model with the first sloshing mode. Comparative results from this study demonstrate that the proposed nonlinear modal theory for liquid sloshing can effectively predict the vibration reduction performance of the TLD system with built-in paddles, and that the bidirectional liquid nonlinear sloshing model with the first sloshing mode strikes a favorable balance between accuracy and computational efficiency.
  • YUAN Chao1, CAI Xiaoguang2, LI Sihan1, 3, 4, XU Honglu2, ZHANG Yan1, FENG Jiayu5, ZHENG Tongyan6
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 199-208.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The reinforcement spacing has a significant impact on the seismic performance of the reinforced soil retaining wall. The effects of reinforcement spacing on dynamic response such as structural panel displacement, acceleration response, and reinforcement tension and structural damage were investigated by carrying out model tests of a mechanically connected confined space reinforced soil shaker table with stiffening spacing of 10cm, 15cm and 20cm. The results show that with the decrease of the reinforcement spacing, the peak displacement of the retaining wall panel decreases from 0.64mm to 0.47mm, and the reduction of the reinforcement spacing can effectively reduce the wall displacement, but its effect will weaken with the decrease of the reinforcement spacing. The acceleration amplification coefficients of the three groups are generally between the values of the FHWA specification, railway code, and highway code, and show a nonlinear distribution along the wall height to achieve the maximum value at the top of the retaining wall. The marginal spectral amplitude increases with the increase of input acceleration amplitude, and reducing the stiffening spacing can weaken the damage development of the structure, but has no effect on the location of the damage. The tensile increment of the reinforcement increases with the increase of the input acceleration amplitude, and the tensile increment of the reinforcement connecting layer shows the distribution law of "small in the middle and large at both ends" along the horizontal extension direction. The connection behind the wall is the weak part of the structure, and it should be reinforced accordingly during design and construction. The research results can provide a reference for the design of reinforced soil retaining walls in limited space in seismic areas, and then promote the application of this structure in the fields of mountain road construction and existing road widening.
  • LAN Shuwei1, ZHANG Jiansheng2, XU Bo2, LIU Yu3, WANG Daohang3
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 209-220.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The effective length factor method has some limitations in determining the global stability of shear-type strongly-braced steel frames. Specifically, it requires member-by-member calculation and cannot account for the mutual support among columns within the same story and the interactions between different stories. To address these issues, the patterns of inter-column and inter-story support in such frames are systematically investigated. When the bracing stiffness reaches a critical value, the buckling load calculated based on a sway buckling mode equals that based on a non-sway mode. Based on this characteristic, and by incorporating the mechanical principle of rocking columns, a stability conversion coefficient is introduced. By employing a structural transformation approach, the effective lateral stiffness and load stiffness of each story are globally assembled to determine the story load factor. On this basis, an inter-story support factor is proposed to characterize inter-story support effects. Finally, an analytical formula for directly computing the global critical load of such a steel frame is derived based on the root-mean-square averaging method of story axial forces. This method effectively accounts for mutual support among columns within the same story and the interactions between different stories in such steel frames, accurately identifies the weak story of the structure, and quantifies inter-story support effects. Computational results from numerical examples show that the proposed method achieves high accuracy and reliability, making it suitable for engineering design and theoretical analysis.
  • QIN Chaogang1, 2, WANG Zhanglong2, XU Gang1, YUAN Qiyin3, WU Tao2, ZHANG Mingxi3, HUA Qiujun3
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 221-232.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The sleeve grouted connections are critical vulnerable regions in monolithic precast shear wall structures under seismic action. Based on the experimental investigation of the shear behavior of sleeve grouted connection connections under low-cycle reversed loading, parameters including the height of the extended keyway, interface reinforcement ratio, and axial pressure were examined. Through finite element analysis, the influence laws of each parameter on the shear behavior of the sleeve grouted connection joints were thoroughly investigated. The results indicate that the damage of the finite element model for sleeve grouted connections under low-cycle reversed loading is primarily concentrated in the grout material, as well as the interface and keyways within the connections. This aligns with the damage patterns observed in experiments, where interface cracks propagate through the joint and keyways undergo shear failure. Parameter analysis reveals that increasing the keyway height and interface reinforcement ratio both enhance the shear capacity and stiffness of the sleeve grouted connections. However, the improvement in shear performance becomes marginal when the keyway height is increased to 18 mm. In contrast, axial compression significantly boosts the shear capacity and stiffness of the interface: for instance, a 2-fold increase in axial compression leads to 55% improvements in shear capacity, albeit with a 8% reduction in ductility. Using experimental and finite element analysis results as the dataset, a calculation formula for the shear capacity of sleeve grouted connections under low-cycle reversed loading is derived based on the shear-friction theory. The calculated results show excellent agreement with both experimental and finite element analysis outcomes, demonstrating high computational accuracy.
  • EARTHQUAKE SCIENCE AND STRUCTURE SEISMIC RESILIENCE
  • LI Xingzhe1, 2, CHEN Xueliang1, 2, LAN Jingyan3, CHEN Kelin4
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 233-244.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Based on the source rupture model inverted from far-field ground motion records and combined with the near-field and far-field station observation data, this paper takes the Jishishan MW 6.0 earthquake on December 18, 2023 as an example to discuss the influence of asperity parameters on ground motion simulation. The study finds that: 1. With the total slip of asperities kept constant, as the proportion of asperity area increases, the simulated PGA gradually decreases. 2. Keeping the total area of asperities unchanged, setting the largest and other asperity, fixing the largest asperity and changing the positions of the other asperity. When other asperity is located along the fault slip direction, the simulation results are the best. The simulation results for other asperity in the upper part of the fault are greater than those in the lower part.3. When the stations and the rupture initiation point are distributed on both sides of the asperity, the simulated stations are more likely to generate larger PGA. The change in the relative position of the rupture initiation point has a greater impact on the far-field (epicentral distance≥50km) simulation than on the near-field (epicentral distance<50km). The simulated PGA when the rupture initiation point is located in the middle and lower part of the fault is generally larger than that when it is located in the upper part of the fault. This result can provide experience for the construction of fault models in strong earthquake simulation.
  • DENG Wenqin1, 2, MIAO Chengxiang1, ZHANG Qing3, ZHANG Lei1, GU Jiancheng1
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 245-256.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    To improve the seismic performance of socket-connected precast bridge piers and reduce the reliance on large embedment depths, a socket connection with an embedded steel tube at the bottom of the pier column is proposed. Five scaled specimens were designed and fabricated, and quasi-static cyclic tests were conducted to comparatively investigate the seismic performance of cast-in-place piers, conventional concrete shear-key socket-connected piers, and embedded steel tube socket-connected piers, in terms of failure modes, hysteretic behavior, backbone characteristics, cumulative energy dissipation, stiffness degradation, and residual displacement. In addition, finite element models were established to analyze the influence of embedment depth on the seismic performance of embedded steel tube socket-connected piers. The results indicate that plastic deformation of the cast-in-place and shear-key socket-connected specimens is mainly concentrated at the column base and the pier-cap connection region. In particular, the shear-key socket-connected specimens exhibit pronounced interface shear failure, significant pinching in hysteretic loops, and relatively poor cumulative energy dissipation and stiffness retention. In contrast, for the embedded steel tube socket-connected piers, the plastic hinge is distinctly shifted upward to the vicinity of the top of the embedded steel tube, interface damage is significantly alleviated, hysteretic curves become fuller, and post-peak degradation of the backbone curves is more gradual. Their peak load capacity, ductility coefficient, and cumulative energy dissipation are all significantly higher than those of conventional socket-connected piers, reaching a level equivalent to or even superior to that of cast-in-place piers. The use of shear studs or circular reinforcement at the embedded steel tube interface has little influence on the seismic performance. When the embedment depth exceeds 0.5D, the seismic performance indices of the piers tend to stabilize, and further increases in embedment depth result in no significant improvement. Considering both seismic performance and engineering economy, the minimum rational embedment depth for embedded steel tube socket-connected precast bridge piers is recommended to be 0.5D.
  • ZUO Yanhui1, LI Mengyu1, WANG Zhongxing1, 2, 3
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 257-267.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Several scaling approaches commonly employed in structural model tests under combined seismic and wave–current loading are first reviewed and comparatively assessed. Based on elasticity–gravity similarity, with explicit consideration of bending restoring force similarity and hydrodynamic drag similarity, a model scaling method—referred to as the flexural elasticity–gravity–hydrodynamics similarity—is proposed for monopile offshore wind turbine (OWT) structures. The proposed approach effectively preserves key dynamic quantities, including acceleration and stress–strain responses, as well as hydrodynamic scaling consistency, while substantially reducing the complexity of model fabrication. In this way, a practical balance between dynamic similarity requirements and experimental manufacturability is achieved. According to the proposed similarity law, a scaled monopile OWT model is designed using the NREL 5-MW reference wind turbine as the prototype, and the corresponding similarity relationships between the model and the prototype are systematically derived. Numerical models of the prototype and the scaled structures are then established to perform modal analysis and dynamic response simulations under seismic excitation and wave–current loading. Comparisons of the numerical results demonstrate that the proposed scaling method can reliably reproduce the flexural dynamic characteristics and overall response behavior of the prototype, thereby confirming its accuracy and applicability for vibration-based structural model testing of monopile OWTs.
  • ACOUSTIC RESEARCH AND APPLICATION
  • DONG Bichun, LIU Jian, YANG Menglin, QIN Yajun, MA Xu
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 268-276.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    In recent years, nearfield acoustic holography based on compressive sensing equivalent source method has been proposed and developed to achieve accurate reconstruction of sound fields generated by arbitrarily shaped sources at low sampling rates. However, the traditional methods employ L1-norm minimization to solve equivalent source strengths, and deviations could exist between the reconstructed source strengths and the true ones, limiting the reconstruction accuracy. Although the introduced iterative reweighted strategies can alleviate this issue to some extent, it is difficult for the existing methods to achieve precise weighted penalties on equivalent source strengths. To further enhance reconstruction resolution and accuracy, this paper proposes a nearfield acoustic holography procedure based on an improved iterative reweighted compressive sensing equivalent source method. This method utilizes the self-information of equivalent source strengths to construct a model for weighted coefficient calculation, enabling the generated coefficients to effectively distinguish interfering noise and real signals. Simultaneously, through iterative calculation of equivalent source strengths, the larger source strengths can be efficiently enhanced while the smaller ones can be suppressed, thereby improving the sparsity and accuracy of the equivalent source strengths. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve accurate sound field reconstruction under low sampling conditions and exhibits good stability. 
  • EARTHQUAKE SCIENCE AND STRUCTURE SEISMIC RESILIENCE
  • TIAN Jing1, CHEN Bingqian1, LIU Haitao2, CUI Wei2, DING Tiechun1
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 277-286.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    In view of the limitation that the traditional laminate design of carbon fiber acoustic black hole (CF-ABH) is difficult to take into account the damping performance of low frequency and medium high frequency, a multi-objective optimization method based on adaptive weighted depth integrated surrogate model (DW-DEM) is proposed. Firstly, the CF-ABH finite element model is established, and the simulation model is verified by modal and frequency response experiments. The results show that the average error of the first 10 natural frequencies is only 2.5% and the frequency response curve is in good agreement, which confirms the reliability of the finite element model to obtain the data set. Then, the influence of the ply angle on the vibration reduction effect is studied. It is found that the low frequency response is highly sensitive to the angle, while the middle and high frequency response is dominated by the ABH effect. On this basis, the DW-DEM proxy model is constructed and combined with NSGA-II algorithm to optimize the multi band vibration reduction performance. The results show that: compared with the conventional [0°/90°] ply, the optimized scheme reduces the low frequency and medium high frequency vibration responses by 14.29dB and 4.26dB. The optimized CF-ABH is applied to the aircraft fuel tank structure, which achieves full band vibration reduction compared with the non black hole fuel tank structure, and reduces the low frequency and medium high frequency vibration responses by 11.8980 dB and 11.1602dB, respectively, which proves the vibration reduction effect of the optimized CF-ABH on the fuel tank.
  • FAULT DIAGNOSIS ANALYSIS
  • CHEN Guangwu1, 2, LEI Yaliang1, SHI Jianqiang2, XING Dongfeng2, WANG Fuxia2
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 287-299.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Rolling bearing vibration signals under variable operating conditions suffer from feature weakening and distribution shift caused by changes in speed and load. In practical scenarios, samples from the target operating condition are often unavailable during training, which leads to a decline in diagnostic accuracy. To address this issue, a dual-branch fusion fault diagnosis method based on time-frequency structural knowledge-guided enhancement is proposed. In the time-domain branch, learnable Gabor convolutions are introduced to enhance the matching capability for impact-related structures, and a TKEO-guided residual gating mechanism is employed to highlight energy-mutation segments while preserving overall temporal information. In the frequency-domain branch, a residual spectral-gating enhancement module is constructed to enable adaptive modeling of frequency components, and a one-dimensional smoothing constraint is imposed along the frequency axis to suppress isolated spiky weights and improve stability. Furthermore, a bidirectional cross-attention mechanism is designed to achieve interactive fusion of time- and frequency-domain features, thereby obtaining a fused representation for fault identification. Experiments on the Case Western Reserve University and Jiangnan University datasets show that the proposed method achieves average accuracies of 99.62% and 98.96%, respectively, in cross-condition tasks, outperforming FFT+ResNet by 2.78 and 4.28 percentage points, which verifies its effectiveness.
  • LIU Wenjiang, GUO Yu
    Journal of Vibration and Shock. 2026, 45(18): 300-306.
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Conventional vibration-based tooth fault detection methods for planetary gear transmission chains are limited by sensor installation constraints, high multi-sensor cost, and time-varying vibration transmission paths. To overcome these issues, this paper proposes a tooth fault feature extraction method based on a single rotary encoder. The instantaneous angular speed (IAS) signal is derived from the encoder angle signal using a forward difference algorithm, followed by rotational domain averaging (RDA) to suppress non-synchronous components. Narrowband demodulation is then applied to extract amplitude and phase modulation features of each gear stage, enabling effective identification of individual gear health conditions. Experiments conducted on a two-stage planetary gearbox test rig, along with comparisons to vibration-based methods, verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed approach.