Towards the issue of vibration and cracks of multi-storey fabric manufacture buildings, a finite element model is established to analyze the structural vibration characteristics, a field vibration test is carried out, and the cracks are investigated for an actual factory building. The measuring data is analyzed in both time-domain and frequency domain. The vibration frequency and energy distribution are characterized for the building and vibrating machines. By comparison of vibration amplitudes for neighboring structural members, the causes of cracks are explored. Measures are proposed for the vibration damping design and prevention of cracks.