Fluid-induced vibration characteristics of anti-stagnant labyrinth seals

WANG Jiarong,ZHANG Wanfu,JIANG Guangzheng,YANG Xingchen,LI Chun

Journal of Vibration and Shock ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (18) : 33-41.

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Journal of Vibration and Shock ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (18) : 33-41.

Fluid-induced vibration characteristics of anti-stagnant labyrinth seals

  • WANG Jiarong1,ZHANG Wanfu1,2,JIANG Guangzheng3,YANG Xingchen1,LI Chun1,2
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Abstract

Annular seals are the key component of turbomachines to reduce the fluid leakage.The fluid-induced vibration characteristics of the annular seal are extremely crucial to the system stability.Based on the computational fluid dynamics method and a multiple frequencies whirling model, the fluid-induced vibration characteristics of an anti-stagnant labyrinth seal were investigated.The effect of anti-stagnant nozzles’geometry parameters and its position on the dynamic and static characteristics was studied.The fluid-induced vibration suppression mechanism of the anti-stagnant nozzles was examined.The results show that the anti-stagnant flow can significantly suppress the circumferential flow, and improve the pressure distribution on seal cavities and the system stability.Compared with the traditional labyrinth seal, the anti-stagnant labyrinth seal possesses a smaller cross-coupled stiffness coefficient k, a larger direct damping coefficient C and an effective damping coefficient Ceff.The suppression effect on the unstable vibration is especially remarkable at low frequencies.There exists an optimal radial position for the anti-stagnant nozzle with identical geometric parameters.When the centroid height hc is 1.65 mm, the effective damping Ceff is the largest.Increasing the nozzle inlet height hin and decreasing the ratio of outlet/inlet height hout/hin can both improve the system stability.The anti-stagnant labyrinth seal with hin=1.00 mm, hout/hin=0.25, hc=1.65 mm, is the optimal structure for the current calculation conditions, while the leakage flowrate increases slightly.

Key words

labyrinth seal / fluid-induced vibration / computational fluid dynamics / dynamic characteristics / leakage flowrate

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WANG Jiarong,ZHANG Wanfu,JIANG Guangzheng,YANG Xingchen,LI Chun. Fluid-induced vibration characteristics of anti-stagnant labyrinth seals[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2021, 40(18): 33-41

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