Ground impact protective performances of different helmets in electric two-wheeler accidents

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Journal of Vibration and Shock ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (18) : 55-65.

HAN Yong1,2,3，HE Yong1,3，LIN Liya1,3，LI Yongqiang1,3，CHEN Yisheng4，FENG Hao2

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Abstract

Ground impact is one of the most important factors leading to fatal head injuries to riders in electric two-wheeler collisions. As an important head injury protection component, the helmet's protection against rider's head-ground impact is one of the key evaluation criteria for helmet design. Three finite element models of helmets (full helmet a and b, half helmet) were built based on real helmet geometry and combined with physical drop tests for model validation. The protection performance of three helmets against head skull fracture injury index (HIC) and severe brain injury index (PAA, HIP, MPS, CSDM0.25, etc.) in landing impact was analyzed through the reconstruction of three electric two-wheeler accidents. The results show that in case 1, both the full helmet a and full helmet b reduced the risk of skull fracture from 100% to less than 10%; in the case of the half helmet, the impact on the brim deflected the radially grounded foam in the impact with the ground, and the foam bottomed out prematurely causing it to reduce the risk of skull fracture to only 98%. In case 2 and case 3, three helmets reduced the risk of skull fracture by more than 90%. In three cases, the protection against PAA and MPS was not significant for either a full helmet a, b or a half helmet. Although the full helmet a and b protect better than the half helmet at the CSDM0.25 predicted risk of severe brain injury, further optimization of the helmet's protection against rotational loads is needed. The results show an important guideline for the head protection and helmet performance analysis for electric two-wheeled vehicle riders.
Key words: Electric two-wheeler accidents; Rider-to-ground collision; Helmet protective performance; In-depth accident reconstruction; Finite element analysis

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Electric two-wheeler accidents / Rider-to-ground collision / Helmet protective performance / In-depth accident reconstruction / Finite element analysis

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HAN Yong1,2,3，HE Yong1,3，LIN Liya1,3，LI Yongqiang1,3，CHEN Yisheng4，FENG Hao2. Ground impact protective performances of different helmets in electric two-wheeler accidents[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2022, 41(18): 55-65

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