Lightweight monitoring technology for bridges based on microwave full-field vibration sensing

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Journal of Vibration and Shock ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (10) : 106-115.

VIBRATION THEORY AND INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH

Lightweight monitoring technology for bridges based on microwave full-field vibration sensing

TIAN Wendi1，XIONG Yuyong*1，WU Shuoyang1，FAN Zhenhua2，CHEN Shoushan3，PENG Zhike1

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Abstract

The health monitoring of bridge structures is crucial in ensuring traffic safety, extending service life, and improving operational and maintenance efficiency. However, the existing bridge monitoring methods still require improvements in measurement performance, cost, and efficiency. To address this, research is conducted on the application of a novel non-contact microwave full-field vibration measurement method for lightweight bridge monitoring. The hardware architecture of the microwave full-field vibration measurement system is outlined, along with the sensing principles of full-field multi-target recognition and vibration displacement extraction. Leveraging the advantages of microwave full-field vibration measurement, a lightweight bridge monitoring method is established from three aspects: equipment, sensing, and data. A microwave-based measurement technique for multi-span deflection and multi-cable tension in the full field of the bridge is proposed. A linear slide vibration measurement experiment was conducted under different conditions to verify the effectiveness of microwave full-field vibration measurement in suppressing multi-target coupling interference compared to traditional microwave vibration measurement technology. An outdoor dynamic response test was carried out on a tied-arch bridge, where multi-point deflection changes and cable force distribution of the bridge were measured and analyzed. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can efficiently and accurately measure bridge deflections and cable forces, providing a new technical approach and perspective for lightweight bridge health monitoring. A comparative experiment was conducted between the microwave vibrometer and traditional accelerometer for measuring cable fundamental frequencies, further validating the accuracy of the proposed method.

Key words

vibration measurement / bridge health monitoring / microwave full-field sensing / lightweight monitoring / deflection / cable force

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TIAN Wendi1, XIONG Yuyong1, WU Shuoyang1, FAN Zhenhua2, CHEN Shoushan3, PENG Zhike1. Lightweight monitoring technology for bridges based on microwave full-field vibration sensing[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2025, 44(10): 106-115

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