Experimental study on the loosening of the bolted joints of a transmission tower under transverse vibration

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Journal of Vibration and Shock ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (2) : 84-93.

VIBRATION THEORY AND INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH

Experimental study on the loosening of the bolted joints of a transmission tower under transverse vibration

ZHAO Weiping*1，GUO Xinsuo1，WANG Na1，XU Yang2，ZHU Binrong3

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Abstract

The transmission tower is subjected to vibration loads such as wind load and conductor galloping load for a long time, which leads to the loosening of joint bolts. In order to study the bolt loosening law of bolted joints of transmission tower under transverse vibration load, the transverse vibration tests of 32 specimens including 6 groups of bolted angle steel lap joints and 3 groups of bolt group angle steel butt joints were carried out by fiber grating bolts. The effects of load amplitude, vibration frequency and bolt preload torque on bolt loosening were studied, and the mechanical properties of bolts under dynamic load were analyzed. The results show that the pre-tightening force of bolt loosening decreases slowly at the initial moment of vibration, and then experiences a rapid decline stage of pre-tightening force. Finally, the loss rate of pre-tightening force gradually slows down and tends to be stable. For angle steel lap joints and bolt group angle steel butt joints, with the increase of vibration amplitude, the degree of bolt loosening increases. With the increase of preload torque, the trend of bolt loosening decreases, and the vibration frequency has little effect on bolt loosening. The bolt installation gap has little effect on the bolt loosening of the lap joint. The bolts of the lap joint away from the loading end are more likely to loosen. The bolts of the bolt group angle steel butt joint near the loading end are more likely to loosen than the bolts in the middle position. The test results provide a reference for bolt preload monitoring and bolt anti-loosening design in engineering to ensure the bearing capacity of joints.

Key words

bolted joint / transverse vibration / bolt looseness / bolt pre-tightening force / dynamic test

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ZHAO Weiping1, GUO Xinsuo1, WANG Na1, XU Yang2, ZHU Binrong3. Experimental study on the loosening of the bolted joints of a transmission tower under transverse vibration[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2025, 44(2): 84-93

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