Dynamic migration mechanism and critical hydraulic gradient of fine particles in the subgrade bed of high-speed railway

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Journal of Vibration and Shock ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6) : 263-271.

TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE

Dynamic migration mechanism and critical hydraulic gradient of fine particles in the subgrade bed of high-speed railway

JIANG Hongguang1, WANG Xinyu1, MA Chuanyi2, ZHANG Ning2, LIU Shun*3, WANG Chuan2

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Abstract

The mud pumping in subgrade bed of high-speed railway has gradually emerged resulted from the hydraulic-mechanical effect. Studying the critical hydraulic gradient corresponding to the fine particles of the subgrade bed can help to reveal the mechanism of mud pumping. In order to further study the migration and critical hydraulic gradient of fine particles in subgrade bed of high-speed railway, based on the model device for mud pumping of subgrade bed, the dynamic water characteristics and fine particles migration test under cyclic loading was carried out. The development laws of dynamic pore water pressure, hydraulic gradient and turbidity of subgrade bed filler were analyzed, and the relationship between particle size and critical hydraulic gradient of subgrade bed filler was proposed. The results show that under the dynamic loading, the surface layer presents the alternating action of positive-negative excess pore pressure, and the upward hydraulic gradient of “negative pressure pumping” is generated during the unloading. The interlayer shows the upward hydraulic gradient of the combined action of “positive pressure driving” and “negative pressure pumping”. The distribution of fine particles in the surface layer is consistent with the hydraulic gradient, showing a “saddle-shaped” distribution of high at both ends and low in the middle. For the bottom layer, the critical hydraulic gradient for the migration of 0.075 mm particles is 0.052, which is lower than the experimental values of 0.12~0.25 of the interlayer, resulting in the migration of fine particles to the surface layer. The current design specification cannot completely avoid the mud pumping. It is necessary to further reduce the fine particle content in combination with the dynamic load level of the train.

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subgrade bed of high-speed railway / excess pore water pressure / pumping / turbidity / critical hydraulic gradient / model test

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JIANG Hongguang1, WANG Xinyu1, MA Chuanyi2, ZHANG Ning2, LIU Shun3, WANG Chuan2. Dynamic migration mechanism and critical hydraulic gradient of fine particles in the subgrade bed of high-speed railway[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2025, 44(6): 263-271

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