Multi-class and small-sample fault diagnosis of shore bridge gearboxes based on FDVI and CDDPM

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Journal of Vibration and Shock ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6) : 306-317.

FAULT DIAGNOSIS ANALYSIS

Multi-class and small-sample fault diagnosis of shore bridge gearboxes based on FDVI and CDDPM

YUAN Jiuhai, ZHANG Qing*, ZHANG Jianqun, FENG Wenzong, SUN Yuantao

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Abstract

The number of components and fault types of the shore bridge gearbox is large, and the fault data is difficult to obtain, and its diagnosis faces the problem of small sample and multiple classification. To address the above problems, a fault diagnosis method based on frequency domain vibration image (FDVI) and conditional denoising diffusion probabilistic model (CDDPM) is proposed. Firstly, the obtained vibration signals are transformed into images using the FDVI method, fully characterizing the characteristic information of vibration signals for each fault. Then, the CDDPM is used to expand the small sample data, and the labeling information is input to the model to control the generation of fault sample categories, while skip-layer sampling is used to accelerate the sample generation speed. Input the expanded sample set into a convolutional neural network classifier for training to improve the classifier's performance in diagnosing multi class faults with small samples. The small-sample diagnostic experiments on the 17 faults in the CWRU dataset and the 29 faults in the shore bridge scaling experimental platform dataset show that: after the sample expansion, the fault recognition rate of the CWRU dataset is increased from 89.86% to 99.30%; the fault recognition rate of the shore bridge dataset is increased from 68.63% to 99.30%. The above analysis shows that the proposed method can accomplish the task of multi-class fault diagnosis for shore bridge gearboxes under small sample conditions.

Key words

frequency domain vibration image / conditional denoising diffusion probabilistic model / small sample / shore bridge gearbox / fault diagnosis

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YUAN Jiuhai, ZHANG Qing, ZHANG Jianqun, FENG Wenzong, SUN Yuantao. Multi-class and small-sample fault diagnosis of shore bridge gearboxes based on FDVI and CDDPM[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2025, 44(6): 306-317

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