Global simulation of post-mixed abrasive water jet based on abrasive kinetic energy and concentration

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Journal of Vibration and Shock ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (7) : 76-85.

VIBRATION THEORY AND INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH

Global simulation of post-mixed abrasive water jet based on abrasive kinetic energy and concentration

LI Zhen1, LI Bin*1, WANG Guang2, QIAO Zhizhong1, SUN Hengyang1, LEI Zhao1

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Abstract

A global simulation model of post-mixed abrasive water jet mixing accelerated to the cutting workpiece was developed by the coupled SPH-DEM-FEM algorithm. The study analyzed the effects of AWJ parameters on depth of cut, mixing tube stress, and energy conversion rate using abrasive kinetic energy and abrasive concentration as mediating variables. The experimental design covers the depth of cut data under different traverse speed and abrasive flow conditions to verify the reliability of the model. The results show that the mixing flow process can be divided into four stages; in the stabilization stage, the water flow velocity shows a specific trend, while the abrasive exhibits two acceleration patterns, and the water and abrasive particles are basically of the same velocity when they are ejected from the mixing tube. The stresses of the mixing tube were mainly concentrated in the transition section and the exit; under the condition of the same grain size, the depth of cut and the exit stress were nonlinearly and positively correlated with the kinetic energy of the abrasive; under the condition of the same angle of injection of the abrasive and the density of the abrasive, the stresses in the transition section were affected by the composite effect of the abrasive concentration and the kinetic energy. In addition, the optimal abrasive flow rate, grain size and density to maximize the cutting depth of the workpiece were determined and their correlations were analyzed. It was also found that an abrasive injection angle of 90° and a mixing tube convergence angle of 20° could effectively reduce the transition stresses while ensuring that the kinetic energy of the abrasive was not affected. The results provide some theoretical support for the optimization of abrasive water jet parameters.

Key words

Energy conversion rate / Abrasive kinetic energy / Abrasive concentration / Mixing tube stress / Depth of cut

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LI Zhen1, LI Bin1, WANG Guang2, QIAO Zhizhong1, SUN Hengyang1, LEI Zhao1. Global simulation of post-mixed abrasive water jet based on abrasive kinetic energy and concentration[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2025, 44(7): 76-85

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