Linear and nonlinear ultrasonic evaluation of post-fire grouted sleeve damage based on wavelet analysis

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Journal of Vibration and Shock ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (9) : 303-312.

FAULT DIAGNOSIS ANALYSIS

Linear and nonlinear ultrasonic evaluation of post-fire grouted sleeve damage based on wavelet analysis

ZHANG Lu, TANG Yongze, ZENG Jiajun, JIA Shangda, LI Hongyu*, LIU Qizhou

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Abstract

Evaluation of the post-fire prefabricated concrete building, especially for the key members and its connection nodes, is crucial for the forensic investigation and the subsequent fire protection design. Usually, the connection node plays a vital role in mechanical behavior in the PC building. Herein, a grouted sleeve connection (HGSC) is one of the most common connections in precast buildings due to its excellent mechanical performance and installation convenience. Therefore, in order to assess the post-fire damage of HGSC, the combined linear and nonlinear ultrasonic testing (UT) strategy was proposed and verified experimentally. Specifically, 15 specimens with three different defect rates were fabricated, and five different fire temperatures were applied to create different post-fire damages. The damage caused by different fire temperatures directly reflects on the distortion of the UT signals. In this paper, to interpret the UT signals, we propose using the wavelet method to decompose the ultrasonic signals. For Linear Ultrasonic Testing (LUT) signals, the wavelet energy ratio obtained by wavelet packet decomposition (WPD) with a decomposition level of 8 is quantitatively analyzed. For Non-Linear Ultrasonic Testing (NLUT) signals, the acoustic nonlinear parameters (ANP) obtained from the first and second harmonic decomposition of UT signals were used to correlate with the damage. The results show that the proportion of wavelet packet energy in Band I increases with fire temperature; on the contrary, the signal energy in Band II decreases with the temperature, which can be used to distinguish post-fire damage from normal damage. While, the existence of grouting defects can be identified by wavelet packet energy ratio. The ANP shows a strong linear relationship with fire temperature, which can be used to quantify the post-fire damage in HGSC. Moreover, the bond strength exhibits a similar strong linear relationship with both temperature and ANP, allowing to quantify the loss of bond strength by these parameters. Therefore, the post-fire temperature and ANP can serve as the effective features to quantitatively evaluate the bond strength. The proposed method in this paper can provide a feasible option for evaluation of post-fire damage for in-situ application.

Key words

half grouted sleeve / fire hazard / linear ultrasonics / nonlinear ultrasonics / wavelet transform

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ZHANG Lu, TANG Yongze, ZENG Jiajun, JIA Shangda, LI Hongyu, LIU Qizhou. Linear and nonlinear ultrasonic evaluation of post-fire grouted sleeve damage based on wavelet analysis[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2025, 44(9): 303-312

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