15 May 2023, Volume 42 Issue 9
    

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  • SONG Zhiqiang1, ZHAO Leichao1, WANG Fei1, ZHI Bingcheng2, LIU Yunhe1
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 1-10.
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    By using the Green's function formula of scattered wave sources in river valleys with arbitrary topography, and based on the indirect boundary integral equation method (IBIEM), the ground motion characteristics and distribution of trapezoidal sedimentary valley sites under oblique incidence of SH waves are analyzed, and the influence mechanisms of seismic wave oblique incident angle, slope slope and medium impedance ratio on ground motion characteristics and non-uniform distribution are studied. In this paper, the influence of valley scattering effect on the ground motion field of foundation truncated boundary is deeply analyzed The results show that the magnifying effect and non-uniform effect of the peak displacement on the valley surface are significantly enhanced by oblique incidence, and the maximum peak displacement is more than 5 times that of the incident ground motion; When the bottom width of the valley is large, the edge effect of the sedimentary valley is obvious; when the bottom width is small, the focusing effect of the sedimentary valley is obvious, and the surface maximum appears in the center of the valley;The slope of the slope has a strong influence on the seismic response at the surface near the inner and outer surface of the wedge,which can be explained by the functional relationship between the interference region of the surface refraction wave and the slope、incident angle and wave velocity;With the increase of impedance ratio, the amplitude of displacement is magnified more significantly, and when oblique incidence, the weak sedimentary layer with smaller stiffness acts as a barrier to seismic wave propagation;Whether it is a hollow valley or a sedimentary valley, the scattering effect has an obvious influence on the ground motion field at the boundary.Compared with the flat bedrock free field, the maximum error of the bottom boundary and right boundary can be up to 30.8% and 54.8%.The total field considering scattering effect should be taken as input.
  • DU Xinxin, ZHANG Wei, HUANG Zhiwen, LI Xiaoru, ZHU Jianmin
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 11-18.
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    To fixed joint of machine tool spindle of the traditional spring damping element method equivalent modeling problem of low precision, virtual material layer method is used to establish a twin physical model of fixed joint of machine tool spindle, finite element analysis for the model is calculated, by the virtual material layer related parameters (elastic modulus, density, poisson's ratio) as input, to calculate the natural frequency of machine tool spindle. The twin finite element model of the spindle system is established by training the deep neural network with the data samples.  Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was used to optimize and determine the relevant parameters of virtual material layer, taking the relevant parameters of virtual material layer as the optimization variable and the relative error between theoretical natural frequency calculated by twin finite element model and corresponding experimental value as the objective function.  The modeling, experiment and parameter identification of the two fixed joints of the toolhold-collet- tool system of the VMC850E vertical machining center spindle are analyzed. The analysis results show that the method is feasible and effective, and the modeling accuracy is less than 1%. 
  • QIU Canxing, WU Chengjing, DU Xiuli, WANG Meng
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 19-26.
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    Compared with the conventional seismic isolation bearing, shape memory alloys(SMA) isolation bearing improves the self-centering and energy dissipation ability of the structure. However, premature intervention of SMA may increase the internal force and acceleration response of the superstructure during moderate and small earthquakes. In order to solve this problem, introducing gap into SMA isolation bearings, such composite device meets different performance requirements. Firstly, the configuration of gap-SMA bearing was proposed, and physical tests on SMA wires were conducted; afterwards, a two-degree-of-freedom model of a base-isolated building was used as a test bed, where the effects of gap length and SMA yield force on shock absorption were discussed; last, aim at reducing the internal force and acceleration response of the gap-SMA isolation bearing under large earthquakes or giant earthquakes, negative stiffness mechanism is further introduced to gap-SMA isolation system, followed by the feasibility analysis of combination negative stiffness with gap-SMA friction pendulum system. The results show that gap-SMA isolation bearing can effectively reduce the internal force and acceleration response of the superstructure under medium and small earthquakes; the acceleration response of the superstructure is negatively correlated with gap length and positively correlated with SMA yield force; the displacement response of the substructure is positively correlated with gap length and negatively correlated with SMA yield force. Incorporating with negative stiffness, gap-SMA bearing can control the displacement of the substructure and reduce the internal force of the structure simultaneously.
  • LI Zhi1,2, YUAN Xiaolan2, DONG Tengfang2, HUANG Xi3,DENG Xiaofang1,2
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 27-35.
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    In order to study the progressive collapse resistance of building structure under blast load. In this paper, ANSYS/LS-DYNA finite element software is used to study the dynamic response of reinforced concrete (RC) beam-slab substructure resistance progressive collapse under blast load, and the concrete strength, reinforcement ratio and span ratio are extended and analyzed. The results show that transient column removal can lead to conservative or high degree structural residual capacity and damage. The concrete strength has a significant effect on the dynamic response of structure. When the concrete strength is greater than C40, the compressive menbrane action and arch mechanism of the structure are enough to resist collapse. The increase of reinforcement ratio has little effect on the resistance of arch action, but can significantly improve the resistance of catenary action. The span height ratio has a significant influence on the development of structural resistance mechanism. The reduction of span height ratio can improve the resistance of arch action and compressive menbrane action, but has little influence on the catenary action resistance.
  • LEI Yushuang, JIN Liu, DU Xiuli, YU Wenxuan
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 36-46.
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    In order to investigate the effect of initial static loadings on the dynamic shear performance of basalt fiber reinforced polymer(BFRP)-reinforced concrete (BFRP-RC) beams with different shear span ratios, take advantage of a 3D numerical model that captures the heterogeneity of concrete, the interactions and the strain effect of each material, the crack propagation process under different loading conditions were simulated. Based on verifying the rationality and accuracy of the simulation method, the effect of the initial static loading on the failure process and failure mechanism of the BFRP-RC beams with different shear span ratios was analyzed. The results show that: 1) The shear capacity and deformation capacity of BFRP-RC beams increase with the increase of strain rate; 2) The strengthening effect of strain rate on the shear capacity of beams decreases with the increase of shear span ratio; 3) The stiffness and shear capacity of BFRP-RC beams increase when the strain rate increases abruptly before the peak load. In the post-peak softening section, the strain rate increases sharply, and the post-peak softening of BFRP-RC beams turns into post-peak hardening, and then the second peak load appears; 4) The dynamic shear capacity of BFRP-RC beams reduces with the increase of initial static loadings. However, whether the reduction of shear capacity is related to the subsequent strain rate depends on the level of initial static loadings; 5) The deformation capacity and damage degree of BFRP-RC beams decrease as the initial static loading increases under different strain rates, while the effect of initial static loading on the dynamic performance of beams is weakened as the subsequent strain rate increases.
  • SU Ning, ZHANG Jie, HONG Ningning, PENG Shitao
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 47-56.
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    In order to achieve an excellent vibration control performance under installation restrictions, the optimal design and performance evaluation of generalized variant inerter-enhanced dynamic vibration absorbers that can be connected to arbitrary locations on the primary vibration system are investigated. Based on the principle of virtual work, the differential equation of motion and a uniform frequency response function with seven parameters are established on a generalized single-degree-of-freedom primary vibration system, which can be applied on a variety of inerter enhanced dynamic vibration absorbers. The analytic solutions of H∞ optimization on these inerter enhanced dynamic vibration absorbers are derived based on the fixed-point theory. Moreover, the analytic solutions to the uncontrolled and controlled dynamic responses of the primary vibration system subjected white noise load and base excitations are obtained through an analog filter approach. Based on the parametric analysis results, a simplified empirical formula of H2 optimization results are fitted. Through a case study on the wind and seismic induced vibration control of a slender chimney, the presented empirical formula is proved to be applicable for the optimal design of a fundamental mode dominant structure subjected to stochastic excitations. The relative errors between the optimal control ratios estimated by the empirical formulas of optimal parameters and numerical analysis are within 2%, which can be well accepted in engineering practices. The presented results can provide guidance for the engineering optimal design of generalized variant inerter-enhanced dynamic vibration absorbers. And the research framework is also promise to provide a reference for the optimization studies on other dynamic vibration absorbers.
  • YANG Lanlan1,2,3, FU Ziyue1, WANG Dengfeng1, XIE Weichau4
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 57-67.
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    In the seismic design and analysis of crucial structures, it is necessary input the seismic ground motion time history, and the response spectrum of which is compatible with the design spectrum. A new method of matching the design spectrum based on digital filtering technology is proposed. The number and range of frequency bands are determined by the frequency controlling points of the design spectrum. For each frequency band, the infinite impulse response digital filter is used to carry out band-pass filtering on the recorded strong motion time history, and the time history is expanded and reconstructed with the filtered sub function as the basis function. Taking the reconstructed time history as the seed motion, the influence matrix method is introduced to carry out iterative procedures for adjusting the amplitude vector of the filter sub-functions gradually until the fitting accuracy between the response spectrum of iterative time history and the target spectrum meets the requirements. The matching procedure is carried out taking three different design spectra as the targets. The results show that the ground motion time history decomposed and reconstructed by the filtered sub-functions are almost covered by the recorded strong motion in both time domain and frequency domain. The presented method is capable of achieving tightly matching with different design spectra using the same seed motion, and retains the non-stationarity of recorded ground motion well, which can provide appropriate seismic input for seismic design and analysis of engineering structures.
  • LI Xiaopeng, SU Jing, XU Jinchi, QU Xingchao, LI Baitao
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 68-76.
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    Based on the surface morphology of shaft current damaged pits, a fault characterization model was proposed to study the load distribution and stiffness change of angular contact ball bearings after damage. Firstly, an analysis model of angular contact ball bearing was established considering the elastic contact and the interaction force between rolling body and raceway, and the accuracy of the model was verified. Secondly, the fault model and piecewise function expression of damage pits with different lengths, widths and depths of axial current external raceway are presented. Finally, the influence of shaft current damage pits with different sizes and shapes on load distribution and stiffness of bearings was studied by using the fault model. The results show that a certain amount of deformation will be released during the process of rolling from rolling in to rolling out shaft current damage pit, resulting in partial or complete loss of bearing capacity in the damaged area. As the shaft current damage pit becomes larger, the bearing stiffness changes more rapidly.
  • ZHANG Renbo1,2, YANG Hongshen1, JIN Liu1, DENG Xiaofang1, DU Xiuli1
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 77-85.
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    In order to explore the corrosion effects on the dynamic behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) beams, a two-stage three-dimensional mesoscale numerical model considering rebar corrosion, strain rate effects and the heterogeneity of concrete materials was established. The non-uniform radial displacement was applied to concrete around the rebar to simulate the expansion of the corrosion products, and the “final state” of concrete cover is taken as the “initial input condition” for the dynamic loading simulation,so as to obtain the dynamic flexural behavior of the corroded RC beams. After verifying the rationality of the numerical model, the cracking behavior of the cover and the mechanical performance of corroded RC beams subjected to dynamic loading with different strain rates were analyzed. The results indicate that rebar corrosion causes the longitudinal cracks on protective layer and the reduction of the bearing capacity. The punching-shear failure occurs and the bearing capacity is also significantly improved for the beams under high strain rate. The loss of bearing capacity is approximately linear with the reduction of frequency (stiffness loss) of corroded beams, and the bearing capacity of beams under low strain rate is more sensitive to the variation of frequency. Finally, based on the regression analysis of the data, a prediction formula was developed for the dynamic flexural capacity of RC beams considering the coupling effects of corrosion and strain rates.
  • DAI Chenghao, ZHONG Qiang, HUANG Jin’an, WANG Shuo, CHEN Haibo
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 86-94.
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    The purpose of this study is to generalize the radiative energy transfer method (RETM) to the sandwich coupled plates model. The vibration governing equation of the sandwich plate is deduced, and the wave propagation characteristic parameters of the structure are obtained. Based on the wave method, the energy transfer coefficients of the sandwich coupled plates are deduced. According to the energy density governing equation, the kernel functions of energy density and power flow intensity are obtained. According to Huygens principle, the energy inside the structure can be obtained by the superposition of the direct field energy radiated by the real source and the reflected field energy radiated by the boundary virtual sources. The intensities of the boundary virtual sources are obtained by solving the Fredholm equation of the second type. Numerical results are compared with those of the modal superposition and power flow analysis (PFA) to verify the correctness and accuracy of the established model. By solving a coupled structure of L-shaped sandwich plates, we obtain its energy density and power flow distribution characteristics.
  • HUO Wenbiao1,2, LIU Xuegang2, LI Chensheng2, LIU Zhiqiang1,WU Pingbo1
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 95-105.
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    During the long-term service of CRH3 series high-speed EMUs, the problem of insufficient stability margin for hunting motion occasionally occurs, the vehicle is equipped with T60 yaw damper, and the frame lateral acceleration alarm problem is prone to occur at the worn wheel state. When the vehicle is equipped with T70 yaw damper, the ‘carbody hunting’ issue is easy to occur in the early stage of wheel wear or new wheels. In this paper, the simulation and experimental research of frequency selected stiffness yaw damper was carried out for the problem of carbody hunting and frame alarm, so as to meet the needs of the vehicle's hunting motion stability under different wheel-rail contact states.Dynamic simulation shows that the frequency selected stiffness yaw damper can effectively solve the problems of ‘carbody hunting’ and ‘frame alarm’. The adaptability of the frequency selected stiffness yaw damper and two high-speed treads was further analyzed, and the vehicle critical speed is higher than 350km/h when the S1002CN is used, the LMB10 tread is only 220km/h, and the stability and comfort index corresponding to the S1002CN are better than those of the LMB10. Finally, the performance of the frequency selected stiffness yaw damper is verified by the rolling vibration bench test of the whole vehicle, the results show that the frequency selected stiffness yaw damper has good dynamic performance under the wheel-rail matching conditions of low equivalent conicity, normal equivalent conicity and equivalent conicity.
  • WU Shuangshuang1,2, FENG Linhan2, ZHANG Lei2, YAN Ming1, WANG Teng2
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 106-111.
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    The shock test of key components is a necessary means to evaluate the shock resistance design of marine gas turbine.Aiming at the shock resistance test of a gas turbine mount system,firstly,physical quantities related to the dynamic characteristics of the mount system were selected and the similarity relations were deduced by using the method of similarity theory and equivalent shock.Secondly,the shock test material was determined and the mechanical properties were obtained through the experiment.The load,natural frequency and modal shape were analyzed.Finally,a scaled test model and test method of a gas turbine mount system were proposed,and modal analysis and shock simulation were carried out by finite element model,which verified the equivalence between the scaled test model and the original.The results show that the relative errors of the first and second order natural frequencies of the scaled test model and the original are within 10%,the relative displacement response error is 13.69%,the absolute acceleration response error is 3.18%,and the relative errors are less than 20%,which meet the engineering requirements.The effectiveness of the scaled test model and test method is verified,which provides technical reference for the shock resistance test of the mount system.
  • WANG Meng1, MA Qiang1, 2
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 112-122.
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    Based on the propagation theory of waves in unsaturated porous media, using the Helmholtz vector decomposition principle, considering the inhomogeneity of unsaturated soil media and assuming that the physical and mechanical properties of soil media vary according to a power function along the depth direction, using the return ray matrix method, a diffusion equations for body wave fluctuation problems in gradient inhomogeneous unsaturated soils is obtained by using . The effect of gradient factor, that is, soil inhomogeneity, on the propagation characteristics of bulk waves in unsaturated soil is studied. The results show that the wave velocities of the P1, P2 and S waves increase significantly with the increase of the gradient factor, while the wave velocity of the P3 wave is less affected by the gradient factor; the attenuation coefficients of the P2 and P3 waves decreases with the increase of the gradient factor. However, the attenuation coefficient of P1 wave and S wave only increases significantly with the increase of gradient factor at high frequency. The wave velocity of P2 wave and P3 wave increases significantly with the increase of frequency, the wave velocity of P1 wave and S wave only increases slowly with the increase of frequency at high frequency; the attenuation coefficient of P2 wave and P3 wave increases with the increase of frequency The attenuation coefficient of P1 wave and S wave increases with the increase of frequency only at high frequency. The inhomogeneity of unsaturated soil has a significant effect on the wave velocity and attenuation coefficient of body waves. With the increase of depth, the influence of soil inhomogeneity on the wave velocity and attenuation coefficient gradually decreases.
  • LI Zhiguo1,2, QIAO Baijie1,2, ZHU Yuda1,2, ZHOU Kai1,2, CHEN Xuefeng1,2
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 123-134.
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    A method for full-field vibration response reconstruction of mechanical structure based on measurement point optimization and modal expansion was proposed. The measurement point placement was optimized by using the Determination optimization design method, and the acceleration response expansion matrix was constructed according to the modal expansion method. thereby, the full-field acceleration responses of the structure could be reconstructed with the acceleration responses of the optimally arranged limited measurement points. Then response-field visualization of the mechanical structure was realized by importing the reconstructed acceleration responses to the finite element analysis software. Numerical simulation analysis and vibration response reconstruction experiments were carried out in the base-upright structure. The validity and robustness of the full-field vibration response reconstruction method of the mechanical structure were verified when the structure was on the multi-mode resonance or the off-resonance. Furthermore, by analyzing the acceleration modal contribution, the main vibration modes which were used to analyze the vibration responses of the mechanical structure could be accurately selected, then the full-field vibration response reconstruction based on fewer measurement points was realized.
  • GENG Dazhou1,2, CHEN Qijuan1,2, ZHENG Yang1,2, GU Xingyuan1,2, NIU Yubo1,2
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 135-144.
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    A novel wave energy converter (WEC) was studied and its nonlinear hydrodynamics characteristics were analysed. Based on potential flow theory, the influences of WEC’s irregular shape (asymmetry, non-constant waterplane area) and position variation on restoring force were considered, and the Morison model was introduced to analyze added inertial effect and drag effect of fluid viscosity. Therefore, the complete nonlinear dynamics model was proposed, consisting of main linear and nonlinear hydrodynamics and describing processes from wave energy capture to conversion. The numerical wave tank was established using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method to accurately simulate WEC’s responses. The results of CFD and nonlinear dynamics model were compared to investigate nonlinear hydrodynamics effect and identify coefficients. The results show that conventional linear model overestimates performance of WEC and nonlinear model significantly improves evaluation accuracy of free decay motion and wave-WEC interaction; the Morison model coefficients vary with working conditions; response amplitude operator is more sensitive to Morison model coefficients near resonance frequency; the study can provide guidance for assessing WEC performance correctly and conveniently.
  • YANG Chaoping1,2, ZHANG Shaojie1, XIA Manyu1, YANG Hongjuan1
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 145-150.
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    Structures such as comb dam can be simplified as cantilever beam when they are impacted by debris flow boulders. The statics method based on the cantilever deformation is one of the main methods to calculate the boulder impact force, but it cannot describe the dynamic behavior of the structure. In view of the above issues, the falling weight was used to simulate the boulder of debris flow, and 7 groups of drop weight impact tests were performed based on the fiber grating sensing technology, and the hammer impact force under different working conditions was inverted by using Green’s function. The results show that Green’s function can effectively invert the boulder impact force. The inversion error is affected by the sampling frequency of the demodulator, which is about 15.3%, and the results calculated by the static method are 3-5 times higher than those calculated in this study. Therefore, this study solves the scientific problem of how to describe the dynamic characteristics of boulder impacting the cantilever beam, and further improves the inversion results, which can effectively provide a theoretical basis for the design of debris flow prevention and control engineering.
  • YANG Xiaomin1, YANG Haisheng1, CUI Yongcun1, LI Yan1, JIANG Bingzhen2, DENG Sier1
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 151-160.
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    In order to uncover the Oil Film Pressure Performance (OFPP) for Elastic Ring Squeeze Film Damper (ERSFD), a thin-walled ring and turbulent-jet orifice model was proposed. The ring deformation and orifice outflow rate are addressed respectively by applying planar thin-ring bending theory and the Prandtl boundary layer theory. The influence of elastic ring flexibility, orifice diameter, and attitude angle on the OFPP was analyzed, with outer chamber pressure measured at different rotor speeds. The results indicate that the outer chamber pressure drops as the elastic ring flexibility decreases but boosts with the reduction of the orifice diameter. For inner chamber pressure, the orifice diameter effects a similar trend to the outer cavity, but minimizing the elastic ring flexibility causes an increase in amplitude. The experiment shows that the outer chamber pressure shifts synchronously and periodically with the attitude angle, while the amplitude increases slightly at higher rotor speeds.
  • LI Xiudi, LUO Yinjian, CUI Yajiao, FU Xinliang, CAI Tao
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 161-167.
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    Based on the separated SHPB device, ECC was tested in R1 (5.8~6.9s-1), R2 (9.7~13.3s-1), R3 (14.4~18.9s-1), R4 (19.2~28.5s-1) to explore the dynamic mechanical characteristics of matrix material and ECC at different strain rates and the influence of fiber incorporation on ECC.The test shows that the dynamic split tensile strength of ECC has significant strain rate enhancement effect;At less than 2.3%, the fiber incorporation showed a positive correlation with the dynamic split tensile strength.In addition, it was found that the energy absorption capacity of the matrix material is related to the crushing form of the specimen, and the degree of ECC fragmentation is increased with the increase of fiber incorporation.The strain rate effect of ECC was corrected by fitting the test data, and the modified model was embedded into LS-DYNA. The numerical simulation analysis of the whole process based on the new model, with a maximum error of 8% compared to the test data.The minimum error is 2.3%, and the failure morphology of the specimen is high. The above results show that the new ECC material model can perform the ECC dynamic stretching characteristics better.
  • LI Ximei1,2, TAO Cheng1,2, WANG Jiancheng3
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 168-176.
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    The time-frequency evolution characteristics of ground motion energy under strong earthquakes have a great impact on hysteretic nonlinear structures. However, the existing calculation modules of general finite element software cannot input the decoupled EPSD matrix for nonlinear structures when performing frequency domain analysis, which thus limits the simulation of large complex structures by random vibration theory. The pseudo excitation method of absolute displacement direct solution was introduced into the multi-dimensional and multi-point nonlinear dynamic equation, and the non-stationary ground motion EPSD matrix was decoupled and dimension-reduced through the APDL external program call interface, and transformed into a four-dimensional uniformly modulated excitation matrix which is independent of the variable of time. The matrix can achieve accurate and efficient calculation and solution of non-stationary excitation dynamic input and random dynamic response of nonlinear structures. Finally, taking a half-through three-span CFST tied arch bridge as an example, the time-varying power spectrum and variance of the system responses of arch rib, arch foot and bridge deck were calculated. The results show that the excitation input method of absolute displacement direct solution can simulate the time-delay phenomenon caused by nonlinear structural system very well, which can provide a feasible basis for the solution and analysis of multi-dimensional and multi-point non-stationary excitation random response of nonlinear structure by the general finite element software.
  • JIA Chuanguo1,2, ZHAO Jinji2, LI Xing2, GOU Yingqi2
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 177-188.
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    In this paper, the strategy of Newton iteration is introduced into the average acceleration method. A novel linear implicit numerical integration algorithm is derived by embedding once Newton iteration in the method with the acceleration term as the iteration variable. Then, according to discrete control theory and root locus method, the conditions for maintaining stability of the novel algorithm is derived when the novel algorithm is used to solve the structure with nonlinear restoring forces and nonlinear damping forces. Meanwhile, a single-degree-of-freedom shear- type structure is used to exam the stability of the novel algorithm in solving the problem with nonlinear restoring forces and nonlinear damping forces. Finally, the applicability and reliability of the novel algorithm in solving problems of multi-degree-of-freedom structures with nonlinear restoring forces and nonlinear damping forces is proved through numerical simulations.
  • HE Wei1, HE Kewen1, WANG Guobo2
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 189-196.
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    Using a parked vehicle to identify the bridge modal shapes has greatly improved the resolution compared with the vehicle-scanning method (VSM) since it can overcome the influence of road roughness introduced by the VSM itself. The method basically employs the variation of bridge frequencies parked by vehicle with different locations. An accurate estimation of parked vehicle-bridge system plays a key role in the resolution of the structural mode shapes. The motion equation of a parked vehicle-bridge coupled system is firstly developed and the closed-form solutions of coupled frequencies are obtained. Secondly, an improved method for modal shape identification of bridges based on frequency variation is proposed and verified based on both numerical examples and laboratory model experiments. Thirdly, bridge frequencies and modal shapes estimated using different vehicle models, namely, the spring-mass model and the lump mass model, are compared. Finally, the potential influence factors which affect the frequencies of the couple system are further discussed. It is shown that the proposed method has better performance in modal shape identification compared with the lump mass method. Besides, it can provide accurate estimates of the bridge frequencies with parked vehicles. The frequencies of the parked vehicle-bridge systems always occur in pair. The frequency ratio of vehicle to bridge, the mass ratio and the vehicle location all contributes to the variation of bridge frequencies, among which the frequency ratio is the most sensitive index. The research method presented in this paper is not only applicable for highway bridges, but also can be used for the modal shape identification of footbridges and large-span floors using stationary pedestrians.
  • HU Zhongming1,2, WANG Jiasong2, SUN Yuankun2, ZHENG Hanxu2
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 197-204.
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    Flow-induced vibrations of a side-by-side arrangement of two rigid cylinders which are elastically mounted have been investigated in a wind tunnel at Re = 3200-36200. The spacing ratios S/D are from 1.5 to 4.0, where S is the center-to-center spacing and D is the cylinder diameter. With the change of S/D, two patterns of the vibration amplitudes can be classified: Vortex-induced vibration (VIV) and Wake-coupled vortex-induced vibration (WCVIV). WCVIV is occurred at S/D ≤ 3.0 and there exists strong interference between the two cylinders. The vibrations amplitude responses of the two cylinders are inconsistent which show the in-phase or antiphase characteristics. Meanwhile, the vortex frequency responses at the symmetry points behind the cylinders are also different. While, VIV takes place when S/D = 4.0. At this time, the two cylinders are independent and the vibration amplitude and vortex frequency responses behind the cylinders are nearly the same, which indicates that the asymmetry of the wake is disappear. The phase angle ‘slips’ periodically instead of equal to a constant value. Additionally, the vibration frequency fo only can be locked to the natural frequency fn, whether the VIV or WCVIV response.
  • WANG Tianpeng1,2, ZHANG Jianren2, JIANG Shuxia3, LIU Wen3, CHEN Yiguang1
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 205-212.
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    According to the principle of vibration frequency force measurement, a time-varying cable force identification method based on continuous complex wavelet transform is proposed. The vibration signal of the cable is divided into several smaller analysis periods. The continuous complex Morlet wavelet transform is performed on the signal in each analysis period to obtain the wavelet coefficients. The improved wavelet threshold denoising function is used to denoise the wavelet coefficients. The wavelet ridge is extracted on the equal amplitude surface by isoline method, and the nearest neighbor method is used for fitting and interpolation. Then the interpolation is averaged in the frequency domain to identify the instantaneous frequency of the cable, and then the time-varying cable force is calculated. Taking microwave radar as the test means, a time-varying cable force identification test is designed. The test results show that this method can extract the continuous instantaneous frequency of vibration signal. Whether the cable force changes linearly or sinusoidally, it can accurately identify the change law of cable force. The maximum error between the cable force identification result and the actual cable force is only 3.8%, And it still shows good applicability in the case of low signal-to-noise ratio. The application results of real bridge show that the radar test method combined with the time-varying cable force identification method in this paper can obtain the cable force time history conveniently and effectively.
  • TANG Ye1,2, WANG Guo1, LI Ying3
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 213-221.
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    Aiming at the failure or damage of the pipeline structure caused by multi-directional loads on the pipe conveying fluid in the harsh dynamic environment, a new type of fluid-conveying pipe composed by three directional functionally graded materials is proposed to improve the load endurance of the pipeline. Based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, considering the coupling relationship between the fluid and the pipeline, Hamilton’s principle is used to establish the differential equation of motion of fluid-conveying pipes composed by three directional functionally graded materials under complex constraints. The differential quadrature method is employed to analyze variations of natural frequency of the fluid-conveying pipes composed by three directional functionally graded materials with the increase of fluid velocity. When the first-order natural frequency decreases to zero for the first time, the system is unstable, and the corresponding fluid velocity is determined to be the critical flow velocity. The effects of physical parameters such as complex constrained linear and torsional spring stiffness, axial, radial and circumferential functional gradient indexes on the vibration frequency and critical velocity of pipe conveying fluid are studied. The research results show that when the flow velocity is small, increasing the axial functional graded index and decreasing the radial and circumferential functional graded indexes will reduce the fundamental frequency of the system and increase the critical flow velocity, when the flow velocity is very large, the fundamental frequency will show the opposite trend with the change of the three-dimensional functional graded indexes. Increasing the three-dimensional functional graded indexes can reduce the second-order natural frequency. This shows that the stability of the pipe conveying fluid can be regulated by tuning the complex constraints and three-dimensional functional graded parameters.
  • WANG Haijun1,2, HAO Zhihao1,2, LIU Tong3, HU Hang3, LIANG Chao1,2
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 222-229.
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    It is of great guiding significance to identify the vibration sources of the hydropower station accurately and effectively for the long-term safe and stable operation of the hydropower station. Blind source separation (BSS) is an effective method for signal decomposition and vibration source identification. In order to realize blind source separation of vibration signals under complex environment of hydropower station, an improved blind source separation model based on WOA-VMD was described. Firstly, WOA-VMD and correlation method was used to de-noise the observed signals to ensure the accuracy of blind source separation results. Then, the covariance matrix of de-noised signals was solved and the number of sources was estimated with the dominant eigenvalue method.  Finally, the signals were preprocessed by centralization and whitening, and then JADE method was used to solve the separation matrix to achieve blind source separation of vibration signals. The simulation results show that compared with the traditional BSS model, the correlation coefficient between the separation signal and the source signal is improved by 9.1%, 7.1% and 8.3% respectively, and the main frequency error of the separation signal is also reduced. The method was applied to the vibration engineering of hydropower station and better separation effect was achieved.
  • SHAN Zebiao1,2,3, HAN Mingxuan1, YU Boli1, LIU Xiaosong1
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 230-235.
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    Due to the existence of the noise in the ultrasonic wind measurement system, it is difficult to determine the sending and receiving time point of ultrasonic, and then the wind measuring accuracy is affected. To solve this problem, a wind speed and direction measurement method based on phase inversion of ultrasonic signal is proposed. In this method, the wind measurement structure with orthogonal mutually transmitting ultrasonic sensors, which is based on the relative time difference method, is adopted.  The ultrasonic transmitting signal is inverted in phase at a certain time, remember this moment for the ultrasonic transmitting time point. Then a lock-in amplifier is used to deal with the ultrasonic received signal, where the phase sensitive detector is sensitive to phase change and has good performance in noise suppression, on that account, the phase inversion point of the ultrasonic received signal can be accurately obtained, mark it as the ultrasonic received time point. Finally, the wind speed is calculated by measuring the ultrasonic transmission time between the two time points, and then the actual wind speed and direction is obtained. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified by numerical simulation experiments and actual measured data. Experimental results show that the proposed method has good measuring performance in the existence of Gaussian noise or mixed with non-Gaussian impulse noise, and has higher measuring accuracy than array wind measurement method and correlation method.
  • HOU Zhaoguo, WANG Huawei, XIONG Minglan, WANG Junzhou
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 236-246.
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    A gearbox fault diagnosis method based on weighted fusion of multi-channel data and deep transfer model was proposed to solve the problems of large fluctuation of fault identification accuracy of single sensor, low data utilization, low reliability and insufficient generalization ability of fault diagnosis model under multiple working conditions. Firstly, in order to fully mine the information of multi-channel data of gearbox, a multi-channel fusion method based on information entropy weighting is proposed. The fusion weight of data of each channel is calculated by using information entropy method, and the sampled data of each channel is weighted fused. Secondly, the deep transfer model is pre-trained by using the fusion data of source domain, and the model parameters obtained by the pre-training are used as the initialization parameters of the target domain model. Meanwhile, the parameters of the feature extractor of target domain model are frozen, and the parameters of the classifier of target domain model are fine-tuned by using the fusion data of target domain. In order to adapt to the new target sample recognition task, the deep transfer model is transferred from source domain to target domain. Finally, the multi-condition transfer diagnosis test results of gearbox show that the proposed method can be effectively used for gearbox fault diagnosis. Compared with the traditional transfer learning methods BDA, TCA, JDA, JGSA, GFK and the deep transfer learning methods AdaBN, MK-MMD, DCTLN, It has higher average transfer diagnosis accuracy and better generalization performance under variable working conditions.
  • PAN Tianlin, ZHANG Wendi, HAN Yantao, XU Xiaojie, ZENG Cong
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 247-252.
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    The energy consistent integration method is a second-order and unconditionally stable step-by-step integration method. To improve the accuracy of this method, a symplectic Runge-Kutta method is improved to construct the general form of the high-order energy consistent integration method. This method maintains both fourth-order accuracy and energy consistency properties. The accuracy and numerical stability properties of the method are verified by a non-linearly elastic example. For the truss element, the specific application format of the new method is deduced, and the corresponding nonlinear program is completed. The program includes the second and fourth-order energy consistent integration methods, the average acceleration method (AAM) and the fourth-order method constructed from AAM. Four step-by-step integration methods were compared by nonlinear dynamic analysis of elastic pendulum and planar truss structures. The analysis results show that the fourth-order energy consistent integration method is better than the other three methods in terms of accuracy, stability and computational efficiency.
  • CHANG Qi, CHEN Lele, ZHAO Heng, XIE Fangqin, GAO Heming
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 253-260.
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    Fatigue cracks are one of the common damages of metal structures. A method of constructing a digital twin model to manage the health of crack propagation structures is proposed. In the process of establishing the digital twin model, the finite element model of the crack structure is first established, and the crack propagation model is established by combining the Paris formula; Secondly, based on the Dynamic Bayesian Network, the law of crack state evolution with time is represented; Finally, the particle filter algorithm is used as the inference algorithm of the model, so as to complete the description of the crack propagation behavior in digital space. The crack state is monitored online in real time through the strain sensor, which drives the dynamic update of the twin model to achieve a more accurate prediction of the crack propagation state and remaining useful life. The effectiveness and practicability of this method in structural health management of crack propagation are verified by experiments.
  • GONG Shuguang, XU Fanye, XIE Guilan, LU Haishan
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 261-267.
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    The bladeless wind turbine is a kind of device that collects wind energy by the wind-induced lateral swing of the energy capture column and converts it into electric energy. An energy capture system was constructed by introducing the mast structure and combining it with the finite length conical platform energy capture column in this paper. Based on the establishment of a simplified model of the finite length cone-platform energy capture system, the calculation formula of the dimensionless structure coefficient related to the geometry of the energy capture column was derived. The effect of length to diameter ratio of mast on vortex-induced swing characteristics and energy capture efficiency of the finite length cone-platform energy capture column was discussed. The results show that the introduction of the mast structure can be effectively improved the peak amplitude of vortex-induced swing and energy harvesting efficiency of the finite length energy capture column, and both of them increase first and then decrease with the increase of the length to diameter ratio of the mast. Compared with the structure with infinite length capture column, the energy collection efficiency of the finite length capture column is increased by 44.8% when the length to diameter ratio of the mast is 6.67. Increasing the length to diameter ratio of the mast will widen the frequency locking interval, but the natural frequency of the capture system will decrease. For a given capture system, there exists an optimal length to diameter ratio of the mast. The results are of great significance to the design and practical engineering application of the bladeless wind turbine.
  • WU Fangbo1,2, LU Chihua1,2, LIU Zhi’en1,2, YANG Zhongli1,2
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 268-274.
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    Remote Microphone Technique (RMT) is a classic virtual microphone active noise control technology. This technology can expand the range of noise control, and has great research potential in Active Noise Control (ANC) in car. However, its large computational load increases the cost of the processor, which limits its application in mass-produced vehicles to a certain extent.  This paper introduces the adaptive notch algorithm into RMT, and proposes a remote microphone technique combined with the adaptive notch algorithm, which effectively reduces the amount of calculation compared with the traditional remote microphone technique.  Using multi-frequency mixed noise as the primary sound source for simulation experiments, comparing the noise reduction performance and algorithm calculation power of the above two remote microphone techniques. The results show that the noise reduction ability of the remote microphone technique proposed in this article is equivalent to the traditional technology, and the running time is shorter than the traditional one.  The remote microphone technique proposed in this paper is applied to the ANC system bench experiment. The results show that the system can still quickly converge and achieve a good noise reduction effect when the target noise reduction area is far away from the physical microphone.
  • DU Yongfeng1,2, LI Weifeng1, LI Hu1
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 275-283.
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    This paper proposes a rocking dual-tuned mass damper (RDTMD) with a wider frequency modulation width. Firstly, the dynamic equation of the single-degree-of-freedom RDTMD vibration reduction system under the action of simple harmonic excitation is established, and the expression of its displacement dynamic amplification coefficient is derived. Then, based on the optimization evaluation function of RDTMD, the parameter optimization program is compiled to obtain the global RDTMD The optimal parameters and conditional optimal parameters; then, the influence law of each parameter of the damper on the system dynamic amplification factor and frequency modulation width is discussed, and the key parameters affecting its robustness are analyzed; finally, with the traditional DTMD, MTMD , The vibration reduction effect and robustness of TMD were compared and analyzed. The analysis results show that the use of RDTMD to control the structure can effectively reduce the dynamic response of the main structure; the wider frequency modulation width of RDTMD improves the damper's ability to control the high-order vibration shapes of the main structure; when the impact on the robustness of the device is greater. In terms of the natural frequency of the main structure, the robustness of RDTMD is obviously better than other similar dampers, and it is an ideal vibration reduction control device.
  • MA Wenyong1,2,3,4, LI Jianglong1, SUN Yuanchun5, LI Sai1, BAI Jianfang1
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 284-292.
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    The cutting was a common roadbed cross-section in traffic lines, and it is more prone to wind-induced snow disasters than embankments due to cross-section characteristics . In order to provide suggestions and references for the cross-section design and the prevention and control of wind-blown snow disasters. Wind tunnel tests and numerical simulation methods were used to study the wind-induced snow accumulation processes on all-cuttings under different wind speeds. The influence of wind speed and cutting opening form on the snow distribution and accumulation process were analysed, and the ability of different cuttings to resist snow disasters was evaluated based snow accumulatio and snow depth on the road. The results show that when the slope of the upwind side slope is greater than that of the downwind side slope, the snow on the cutting road is the least and the snow depth on the road is the thinnest; wind speed and duration are important factors on snow accumulation,and increasing the wind speed and increasing the duration will aggravate the snow on the road; Changing the cutting slope has limited effect on reducing the snow on the road, and other prevention measures need to be set to reduce the snow disasters caused by snow drift.
  • ZHOU Fengxi1,2, LIANG Yuwang1, LIU Yunshuai1,2
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 293-303.
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    Based on the complex function theory and conformal mapping method, an analytical solution to the vibration isolation problem of a semi-infinite space trench for plane SH waves and plane P waves has been developed using the wave function expansion method and multi-level coordinate transformation techniques. Firstly, the scattering fields of incident plane SH and P waves in semi-infinite space are given using the imaginary source method and the big arc assumption method, respectively; Then, a system of linear equations of infinite order is established using the stress-free boundary conditions at the boundary of the open trench and the big arc, for which the analytical solution of the scattering of plane SH and plane P waves for the open trench is given by solving the system of equations. Finally, the effect of excitation frequency, trench depth to vibration isolation effect is parametrically analyzed. The results show that the vibration isolation effect of the trench on plane SH and plane P waves increases with the increase of the incident wave frequency and with the rise in the depth of the trench.
  • FENG Qingsong, YU Chao, TANG Baizan, ZHOU Tao
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 304-311.
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    In order to study the vibration and indoor structural noise characteristics of the over-track building caused by the operation of metro in the double-deck depot, taking the over-track building property project of the first double-deck depot in China as the research object, the propagation law of vibration and radiated secondary structural noise of the over-track building in the double-deck depot is systematically analyzed by using the method of field measurement and numerical simulation. Based on the finite element model of earth-depot-over-track building, the vibration propagation characteristics of the over-track building under train load are calculated, and then the radiated noise and its characteristics of the indoor structure of the over-track building are analyzed by using the acoustic transfer vector method. Finally, the noise radiation contribution of indoor panels and the noise reduction effect of sound-absorbing plates are studied. The analysis results show that because the high-frequency vibration attenuates rapidly through the soil, at the frequency band above 80Hz, the ground floor vibration of over-track building caused by train operation on the second floor is significantly greater than that on the first floor; The vibration of the over-track building caused by the vibration caused by the train in the operation depot is attenuated to the lowest level on the 10th floor, and then the vibration is amplified with the continuous increase of the floor; At 40 Hz, the ceiling and floor contribute the most to the acoustics of the bedroom site, and the noise reduction effect is the most obvious when the sound-absorbing material is used on the top floor.
  • ZHOU Yunhong, WANG Dong, HUANG Fei, HU Pan, SUN Yukun
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 312-321.
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    The suppression of vibration and noise is a hot research field of switched reluctance motor in recent years. Based on Maxwell tensor theory, the principle of reducing radial magnetic tension was analyzed in this paper. By cutting rectangular slots at the top of stator teeth and on both sides of rotor teeth at the same time, the length of air gap between stator and rotor was increased, and a part of magnetic flux density along radial direction changed into along tangential direction, which could reduce the radial magnetic tension and achieve the purpose of restraining electromagnetic vibration. Using the parametric scanning method, the slotting parameters were optimized, and the radial magnetic pull force of motor before and after slotting were compared and analyzed. The modal, harmonic response and noise of the motor stator before and after slotting were analyzed by ANSYS Workbench module, and the modal natural frequency, modal participation factor, vibration response frequency and sound pressure spectrum were obtained. The results show that this method can effectively reduce the radial magnetic pull force of switched reluctance motor and improve the vibration and noise of switched reluctance motor.
  • CHENG Qian1, WANG Hu1, SHEN Lian1, ZHANG Gen1, LAI Wei1, CAO Zheng2
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 322-327.
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    In order to study the effects of different axial spacing and coatings on the vibration response of turbine blades, the unsteady flow of high-pressure turbine blade under the action of turbine guide vane wake is numerically simulated. The harmonic component of the airflow exciting force is obtained by FFT, which can get the harmonic pressure on the blade surface load through frequency domain decomposition, and combined with the blade forced response analysis method, The forced response analysis method of blade under three-dimensional unsteady flow field excitation is established. The root mean square of pressure disturbance is used as the quantitative parameter of aerodynamic excitation intensity, and the vibration response amplitude of blade under flow field excitation is obtained. The vibration response differences of blade with different axial spacing are compared, and considering the coating influence . The results show that the amplitude of blade vibration response decreases with the increase of axial spacing, that is, the increase of axial spacing can effectively reduce the vibration stress of blade; The blade coating also helps to reduce the vibration response amplitude of the blade.
  • JU Hanwen1, DENG Yang1,2, LI Aiqun1,2
    JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK. 2023, 42(9): 328-338.
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    There are usually a large number of anomaly monitoring data in structural health monitoring systems. To ensure the integrity and practicability of data, it is necessary to restore anomaly monitoring data. Most studies on restoring anomaly data based on deep learning usually used single input dimension and unidirectional prediction to build models. This paper proposed a restoration method of structural anomaly monitoring data based on a Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) neural network. The advantage of deep learning neural network to deal with the complex nonlinear mapping problem was fully utilized in this method by optimizing and reconstructing GRU neural network. The configurations of input and output of neural network were optimized by using the correlations of temperature and time series. Meanwhile a bidirectional sequence prediction method by using the information before and after anomaly data sequences was proposed to improve the prediction and restoration accuracy. At last, the proposed method was verified based on the strain, crack, and temperature monitoring data of an ancient city wall. The reconstructed GRU neural network model was used to restore the anomaly data sequences, and the restoration accuracy was compared with Long and Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network and Back Propagation (BP) neural network. The results show that compared with the neural network model of single input dimension and unidirectional prediction, the reconstructed GRU neural network has better prediction accuracy. And the prediction accuracy of the reconstructed GRU neural network is also significantly better than that of LSTM neural network and BP neural network. After anomaly data sequences are restored, the linear correlation of structural temperature and responses including strain and crack width gets greatly enhanced. The proposed method has a great ability to restore structural monitoring data with temperature correlation.